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Cross-Cultural Validation of the Cognitive Biases Questionnaire for Psychosis in Japan and Examination of the Relationships Between Cognitive Biases and Schizophrenia Symptoms

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Abstract

The Cognitive Bias Questionnaire for Psychosis (CBQp) is a valid selfreport instrument for assessing cognitive biases in psychosis. To validate the Japanese version of the CBQp, and to investigate the relationships between CBQp and various schizophrenia symptoms, such as positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and disorganized/autistic preoccupation. Patients with schizophrenia (n = 111), patients with depression (n = 40), and healthy controls (n = 35) were recruited. Using these samples, the psychometric properties of the Japanese version of CBQp were tested. The CBQp total scores had good reliability while the two subscales had moderate reliability. Furthermore, the scales had adequate concurrent validity, given that it had significant correlations with positive symptoms, and could accurately distinguish between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Novel findings were that the CBQp total scores were positively correlated with disorganized/autistic preoccupation. Furthermore, this study using a Japanese sample showed marginally significant correlations between the cognitive biases of threating event and severity of delusions, while this relationship was not seen in a previous study that used a Western sample. This difference could be because of the ‘shame culture’, which is explained as a characteristic of Japanese. The Japanese version of the CBQp was as reliable and valid as the original.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (15H03455) of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). The authors express their gratitude to Mr Satoshi Eguchi (University of Tokyo) and Mr Hiroyasu Matubara (Shizuoka Psychiatric Medical Center) for their assistance with the questionnaire study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan

    Ryotaro Ishikawa, Takuma Ishigaki & Masahito Hosono

  2. National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan

    Akiko Kikuchi

  3. Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

    Kazunori Matsumoto

  4. Social Welfare Corporation Urakawa Bethel House, Urakawa, Hokkaido, Japan

    Shigeru Kobayashi

  5. Medical Corporation Gyosei-kai, Selye Shinjuku Clinic, Tokyo, Japan

    Satori Morishige

  6. Seizankai-Kannai Clinic, Tokyo, Japan

    Masahito Hosono

  7. Faculty of Health Sciences, Nihon Fukushi University, Aichi, Japan

    Yasuhisa Nakamura

  8. Medical Corporation Sekiai-kai, Yokohama Maioka Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

    Akihiko Kase

  9. Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

    Takafumi Morimoto

  10. Medical Corporation Hokuto-kai, Sawa Hospital, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan

    Daisuke Haga

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  1. Ryotaro Ishikawa
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Correspondence to Ryotaro Ishikawa.

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Conflict of interest

Ryotaro Ishikawa, Takuma Ishigaki, Akiko Kikuchi, Kazunori Matsumoto, Shigeru Kobayashi, Satori Morishige, Masahito Hosono, Yasuhisa Nakamura, Akihiko Kase, Takafumi Morimoto and Daisuke Haga declare that they have no competing interests.

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Ishikawa, R., Ishigaki, T., Kikuchi, A. et al. Cross-Cultural Validation of the Cognitive Biases Questionnaire for Psychosis in Japan and Examination of the Relationships Between Cognitive Biases and Schizophrenia Symptoms. Cogn Ther Res 41, 313–323 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-016-9807-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-016-9807-8

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