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Molecular and morphological evidence for hybrid origin and matroclinal inheritance of an endangered wild rose, Rosa  × pseudobanksiae (Rosaceae) from China

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Abstract

The distinction between hybrids and species of hybrid origin is significant for plant diversity conservation. Interspecific hybridization within the genus Rosa is a common phenomenon. Based on field observation, we hypothesized that one previously published species, Rosa pseudobanksiae (endangered category: CR) might be a hybrid. In this study, we utilized molecular approaches involving three nuclear markers and four plastid markers to examine the origin of R. pseudobanksiae. Our evidence shows that it is indeed a natural homoploid hybrid between R. banksiae var. normalis and R. multiflora var. cathayensis, and that gene flows bidirectionally. Our multivariate morphometric analyses provide strong evidence for a matrocliny in R.  × pseudobanksiae individuals. R.  × pseudobanksiae has diverse morphological variations among individuals andshares the overlapped distributions with its parental progenitors. This taxon has not developed into a stabilized and self-evolving lineage with the high sterility in seed sets.

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Acknowledgements

The research was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31670192); the Science and Technology Basic Work (Grant No. 2017FY100104) to X.-F.G. We also thank Zheng-Zhi Jiang for R.  × pseudobanksiae collection and Li-Bing Zhang for manuscript revision.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9, Sect. 4 Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China

    Cheng Zhang, Shi-Qi Li, Yu Zhang & Xin-Fen Gao

  2. Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, People’s Republic of China

    Cheng Zhang & Jian-Quan Liu

  3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China

    Cheng Zhang, Shi-Qi Li, Yu Zhang & Xin-Fen Gao

  4. School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People’s Republic of China

    Zhang-Ming Zhu

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  1. Cheng Zhang
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Zhang, C., Li, SQ., Zhang, Y. et al. Molecular and morphological evidence for hybrid origin and matroclinal inheritance of an endangered wild rose, Rosa  × pseudobanksiae (Rosaceae) from China. Conserv Genet 21, 1–11 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-019-01227-8

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