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A comprehensive review on the mechanical, physical, and thermal properties of abaca fibre for their introduction into structural polymer composites

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Abstract

Abaca is a strong competitor among natural fibres for use as the reinforcement of polymer composites. Due to its high durability, considerable fibre length, flexibility and mechanical strength, abaca shows good potential as a renewable source of fibres for application in technological and industrial fields. Discussing the influence of various treatment strategies, such as alkali and silane, for the preparation of abaca-based composites results in the improvement of their properties over that of bare polymer materials and that of other synthetic fibres. The enhanced characteristics of abaca fibre reinforced composites are widely explored for a variety of applications in automotive and other industries. These include for example roping and woven fabrics, currency notes, cigarette filter papers, vacuum bags, tea bags, cellulose pulp for paper and packaging, and materials for automotive components, etc. In particular, the effective use of abaca fibre reinforced polymer composite in manufacturing external parts of cars, using therefore also thermoplastic matrices, has become popular. The gaps in research from the literature that show the scarcity of studies on topics such as simulation and designing of mechanical characteristics of abaca fibre composites constructed on polymer matrices, such as epoxy, polylactide, high density polyethylene, phenol formaldehyde and polyester are also highlighted. The results indicate that abaca is particularly flexible to be used in different sectors, in combination with various matrices, and in hybrid composites with various fibres. Further work would necessarily involve the larger consideration of abaca textiles with different areal weights in the production of composites, and a widespread introduction of abaca in datasets for the automated selection of natural fibres for composites reinforcement.

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Abbreviations

HDPE:

High density polyethylene

MAPP:

Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene

NaOH:

Sodium hydroxide

NFCs:

Natural fibre composites

PE:

Polyethylene

PLA:

Poly (lactic acid)

PP:

Polypropylene

TGA:

Thermogravimetric analysis

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Acknowledgments

Authors are thankful to Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saintgits College of Engineering, Kottayam, Kerala, India and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India for providing platform for this research.

Funding

This research received funding from Centre for Engineering Research and Development (CERD), APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University (APJAKTU) (KTU/RESEARCH 2/4068/2019).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saintgits College of Engineering, Kottayam, Kerala, 686532, India

    Rittin Abraham Kurien, Chacko Preno Koshy & Cherian Paul

  2. APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695016, India

    Rittin Abraham Kurien, Chacko Preno Koshy & Cherian Paul

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, India

    D. Philip Selvaraj

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, AAA College of Engineering and Technology, Sivakasi, 626005, India

    M. Sekar

  5. Dilkap Research Institute of Engineering and Management Studies, Neral, Maharashtra, 410101, India

    Sivasubramanian Palanisamy

  6. School of Science and Technology, UniversitàdegliStudi di Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy

    Carlo Santulli

  7. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Sangrur, Punjab, 148106, India

    Praveen Kumar

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Author Contributions Details Conceptualization, Methodology and Investigation: Rittin Abraham Kurien, D Philip Selvaraj, M Sekar, and Chacko Preno Koshy Writing- Original draft preparation: Rittin Abraham Kurien, Cherian Paul, Sivasubramanian Palanisamy, Praveen Kumar Resources, Review and Editing: Rittin Abraham Kurien, D Philip Selvaraj, M Sekar, Chacko Preno Koshy, Cherian Paul,Sivasubramanian Palanisamy, Carlo Santulli, Praveen Kumar Supervision: D Philip Selvaraj, Carlo Santulli All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Kurien, R.A., Selvaraj, D.P., Sekar, M. et al. A comprehensive review on the mechanical, physical, and thermal properties of abaca fibre for their introduction into structural polymer composites. Cellulose 30, 8643–8664 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-023-05441-z

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