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Mechanically stiff and high-areal-performance integrated all-in-wood supercapacitors with electroactive biomass-based hydrogel

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Abstract

The integrated supercapacitors can remarkably reduce the interface contact resistance and avoid the delamination of multi-layer structure, while the mechanically stiff supercapacitors show a wide application prospect in the energy devices. Wood has unique hierarchical porous structure and high mechanical strength with the advantages of abundance and renewability. Here, a novel integrated and mechanically stiff all-in-wood supercapacitor is constructed with lignosulfonate/polypyrrole (Lig/PPy) hydrogel embedded in wood by in-situ polymerization of pyrrole in both sides of wood piece in the Lig/Py solution. Benefiting from strong interaction between Lig and wood, and high pseudo-capacitance of Lig, as well as the hierarchical porous structure of wood with vertical channels, as-prepared integrated Lig/PPy-Wood based supercapacitor (LPWS74−4h) displays a high areal capacitance of 1062 mF cm−2, high energy density of 47.2 µWh cm−2 and favorable cyclic performance. Meanwhile, the LPWS74−4h also shows impressive mechanical stiffness with a maximum compressive strength of 71 MPa. Particularly, LPWS74−4h can maintain good electrochemical performance even if it is crushed into cake shape under high pressure (over 71 MPa). It is expected that such integrated and mechanically stiff all-in-wood supercapacitors with superior electrochemical performance to be a promising candidate for the next generation green and structural energy devices.

Graphic abstract

The integrated all-in-wood supercapacitors perfectly combine the conductive porous structure of Lig/PPy hydrogel with superior electrochemical performance and the unique hierarchical porous structure of wood with vertical channels. Impressive mechanical stiffness and superior electrochemical performance have been achieved.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51673062, 51873057 and 51803053) and the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2019JJ50049).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People’s Republic of China

    Zhicheng Zhang, Chuying Yu, Zhiyuan Peng & Wenbin Zhong

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  1. Zhicheng Zhang
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  2. Chuying Yu
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  3. Zhiyuan Peng
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  4. Wenbin Zhong
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Correspondence to Wenbin Zhong.

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Zhang, Z., Yu, C., Peng, Z. et al. Mechanically stiff and high-areal-performance integrated all-in-wood supercapacitors with electroactive biomass-based hydrogel. Cellulose 28, 389–404 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03509-8

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