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Nonlinear viscoelastic characterization of charged cellulose nanocrystal network structure in the presence of salt in aqueous media

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Abstract

The change in ionic strength of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) suspensions is shown to contribute to a respective change in colloidal behavior, such as stiffness and fractal gelation. In this study, dynamic colloidal behavior and stability of aqueous CNC suspensions and their correlation with nonlinear viscoelastic properties of the CNC gel structures in the presence of different concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) salt were investigated. The microstructure of CNC/salt suspensions/gels were investigated with a wide range of characterization technique. To obtain further insight into the network structure of CNC/salt systems, for the first time, nonlinear rheology of the suspensions/gels was analyzed to correlate macro-mechanical viscoelastic response of the CNC/salt aqueous systems to structural changes as a response to strain. The intra-cycle viscoelasticity, explained utilizing qualitative Lissajous–Bowditch plots and quantitative nonlinear parameters, demonstrates a strong dependence of the nonlinear response of the samples to salt concentration, CNC concentration, and frequency of deformation. Higher intra-cycle nonlinearity was observed upon increasing the salt loading.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the financial assistance from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant 05503-2015, Alberta Innovates BioSolution’s CNC Challenge II and III, University of Calgary Global Research Initiative in Unconventional Hydrocarbon Resources-Beijing Site, Kerui-MITACS Accelerate Research Fund Application Ref. IT09328. The authors also gratefully acknowledge infrastructure funding from Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI) CFI LOF Project# 30100.

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Author notes

  1. Aref Abbasi Moud and Milad Kamkar have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada

    Aref Abbasi Moud, Milad Kamkar, Seyed Hossein Hejazi & Uttandaraman Sundararaj

  2. BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Center for Bioengineering Research and Education, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada

    Aref Abbasi Moud & Amir Sanati-Nezhad

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  1. Aref Abbasi Moud
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  2. Milad Kamkar
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  3. Amir Sanati-Nezhad
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  4. Seyed Hossein Hejazi
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  5. Uttandaraman Sundararaj
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Correspondence to Amir Sanati-Nezhad, Seyed Hossein Hejazi or Uttandaraman Sundararaj.

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Abbasi Moud, A., Kamkar, M., Sanati-Nezhad, A. et al. Nonlinear viscoelastic characterization of charged cellulose nanocrystal network structure in the presence of salt in aqueous media. Cellulose 27, 5729–5743 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03166-x

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