Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces are highly hydrophobic, i.e., extremely difficult to wet. Such surfaces have water contact angle (WCA) exceeds 150° and water sliding angle (WSA) < 10°. This is known as “the superhydrophobic effect” or “the Lotus effect”. Superhydrophobic cotton fabric was prepared via a novel one step solution immersion process using silica nanoparticles and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane. The method is simple, cost-effective and can be applied on the large industrial scale. Improvement of treatment durability was attained by the incorporation of silane coupling agents. A new substance, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), was used for the first time in this study to improve the durability of the prepared superhydrophobic fabric and its performance was compared with that of silane coupling gents. The surface morphology and hydrophobic properties of the prepared superhydrophobic cotton fabrics were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The wettability of the developed superhydrophobic cotton fabrics was evaluated by WCA and WSA measurements. The modified cotton fabrics exhibited superhydrophobicity with WCA of 159.8° and WSA of 4.0°. Furthermore, the durability efficiency of samples was quantitatively evaluated using standard washing test. Results showed that both silane coupling agents and EDTA could greatly enhanced washing durability. EDTA provided higher stability than silane coupling agents with repetitive washing cycles which considers very promising alternative to improve the durability of the superhydrophobic cotton textiles.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bae GY, Geun Y, Min BG, Jeong YG, Lee SC, Jang JH, Koo GH (2009) Superhydrophobicity of cotton fabrics treated with silica nanoparticles and water-repellent agent. J Colloid Interface Sci 337(1):170–175. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2009.04.066
Balani K, Batista RG, Lahiri D, Agarwal A (2009) The hydrophobicity of a lotus leaf: a nanomechanical and computational approach. Nanotechnology 20(30):305707. doi:10.1088/0957-4484/20/30/305707
Bi X, Cai Z (2008) Fabrication of a superhydrophobic ZnO nanorod array film on cotton fabrics via a wet chemical route and hydrophobic modification. Appl Surf Sci 254:5899–5904. doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2008.03.160
Cai R, Deng B, Jiang H, Yu Y, Yu M, Li L, Li J (2012) Radiation induced graft polymerization of a fluorinated acrylate onto fabric. Radiat Phys Chem 81(9):1354–1356. doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2011.11.050
Hernández-Padrón G, Rojas F, Castaño VM (2004) Ordered SiO2–(phenolic-formaldehyde resin) in situ nanocomposites. Nanotechnology 15(1):98–103. doi:10.1088/0957-4484/15/1/019
Huang W, Xing Y, Yu Y, Shang S, Dai J (2011) Enhanced washing durability of hydrophobic coating on cellulose fabric using polycarboxylic acids. Appl Surf Sci 257(9):4443–4448. doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.12.087
Lehocky M, Amaral PFF, St’ahel P, Coelho MAZ, Timmons AM, Coutinho JAP (2007) Preparation and characterization of organosilicon thin films for selective adhesion of yarrowia lipolytica yeast cells. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 366(1):360–366. doi:10.1002/jctb
Li XM, Reinhoudt D, Crego CM (2007) What do we need for a superhydrophobic surface? A review on the recent progress in the preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces. Chem Soc Rev 36(8):1350–1368. doi:10.1039/b602486f
Liu F, Ma M, Zang D, Gao Z, Wang C (2014) Fabrication of superhydrophobic/superoleophilic cotton for application in the field of water/oil separation. Carbohydr Polym 103:480–487. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.12.022
Mao Z, Yang CQ (2001) IR spectroscopy study of cyclic anhydride as intermediate for ester crosslinking of cotton cellulose by polycarboxylic acids. V. Comparison of 1,2,4-butanetricarboxylic acid and 1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid. J Appl Polym Sci 81(9):2142–2150. doi:10.1002/app.1650
Richard E, Lakshmi RV, Aruna ST, Basu BJ (2013) A simple cost-effective and eco-friendly wet chemical process for the fabrication of superhydrophobic cotton fabrics. Appl Surf Sci 277:302–309. doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.04.052
Song J, Rojas OJ (2013) Approaching super-hydrophobicity from cellulosic materials : a review. Nord Pulp Pap Res J 28(2):216–238. doi:10.3183/NPPRJ-2013-28-02-p216-238
Xu B, Cai Z, Wang W, Ge F (2010) Preparation of superhydrophobic cotton fabrics based on SiO2 nanoparticles and ZnO nanorod arrays with subsequent hydrophobic modification. Surf Coat Technol 204(9–10):1556–1561. doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2009.09.086
Xue CH, Jia ST, Zhang J, Tian LQ (2009) Superhydrophobic surfaces on cotton textiles by complex coating of silica nanoparticles and hydrophobization. Thin Solid Films 517(16):4593–4598. doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2009.03.185
Xue CH, Jia ST, Zhang J, Ma JZ (2010) Large-area fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces for practical applications: an overview. Sci Technol Adv Mater 11(3):033002. doi:10.1088/1468-6996/11/3/033002
Zhang X, Shi F, Niu J, Jiang Y, Wang Z (2008) Superhydrophobic surfaces: from structural control to functional application. J Mater Chem 18(6):621. doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2009.03.185
Zhang M, Wang C, Wang S, Li J (2013) Fabrication of superhydrophobic cotton textiles for water-oil separation based on drop-coating route. Carbohydr Polym 97(1):59–64. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.08.118
Zimmermann J, Reifler FA, Fortunato G, Gerhardt LC, Seeger S (2008) A simple, one-step approach to durable and robust superhydrophobic textiles. Adv Funct Mater 18(22):3662–3669. doi:10.1002/adfm.200800755
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Abbas, R., Khereby, M.A., Sadik, W.A. et al. Fabrication of durable and cost effective superhydrophobic cotton textiles via simple one step process. Cellulose 22, 887–896 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-014-0514-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-014-0514-x