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Conceptualizing the Role of Parent and Child Emotion Regulation in the Treatment of Early-Onset Behavior Disorders: Theory, Research, and Future Directions

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Abstract

Behavior disorders (BDs) are common and costly, making prevention and early-intervention a clinical and public health imperative. Behavioral Parent Training (BPT) is the standard of care for early-onset (3–8 years old) BDs, yet effect sizes vary and wane with time suggesting the role of underlying factors accounting for variability in outcomes. The literature on emotion regulation (ER), which has been proposed as one such underlying factor, is reviewed here, including a brief overview of ER, theory and research linking ER, externalizing symptoms, and/or BDs, and still largely preliminary work exploring the role of parent and child ER in BPT outcomes. Research to date provides clues regarding the interrelationship of ER, BDs, and BPT; yet, determining whether adaptations to BPT targeting ER are necessary or useful, for whom such adaptations would be most important, and how those adaptations would be implemented requires addressing mixed findings and methodological limitations. To guide such work, we propose a conceptual model elucidating how standard BPT may impact ER and processes linked to ER, which we believe will be useful in organizing and advancing both basic and applied research in future work.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their gratitude to those families with whom we have worked in both research and clinical capacities who sparked our interest in this topic. In addition, we would like to thank those we cite in this paper, given that their research has allowed us the opportunity to integrate, evaluate, and potentially advance the literature.

Funding

This research was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (R21MH113887; 3R21MH113887-02S1; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03597789); the National Science Foundation (DGE-1650116); and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Health Policy Research Scholars program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Laura G. McKee

  2. Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA

    Yexinyu Yang, April Highlander, Madison McCall & Deborah J. Jones

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  1. Laura G. McKee
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  2. Yexinyu Yang
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  3. April Highlander
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  4. Madison McCall
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  5. Deborah J. Jones
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All authors contributed to the conceptualization, literature review, and writing of the manuscript. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript and critically revised the work. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Deborah J. Jones.

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McKee, L.G., Yang, Y., Highlander, A. et al. Conceptualizing the Role of Parent and Child Emotion Regulation in the Treatment of Early-Onset Behavior Disorders: Theory, Research, and Future Directions. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 26, 272–301 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-022-00419-y

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