Abstract
Activated carbon (AC) supported monometallic Pd and bimetallic Pd-M (M = Co, Ni, and Cu) catalysts were prepared by impregnation-reduction method and investigated for carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed highly disperse Pd-M nanoparticles (~ 3–5 nm) on the AC support. The addition of the second transition metal in Pd/AC resulted in an increase in the specific surface area and smaller average particle size. CO oxidation experiments were carried out in a vertical fixed-bed quartz reactor at gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 30,000 h− 1 under atmospheric pressure. The catalytic order is as follows: Pd–Cu/AC > Pd–Ni/AC > Pd–Co/AC > Pd/AC. The T50 (50% CO conversion) value of Pd–Cu/AC and Pd/AC catalysts are 30 and 70 °C. BET, XRD and TEM analysis of the used Pd-M/AC and Pd/AC catalysts were performed in order to find any change in the specific surface area, structure, morphology, and average particle size of the catalysts after CO oxidation. The results showed that the bimetallic Pd-M/AC catalysts had better catalytic activity and stability than the monometallic Pd/AC catalyst. Pd–Cu/AC showed excellent time-on-stream stability of 50 h. The apparent activation energy of the Pd–Cu/AC is found to be 69.32 kJ mol− 1. Thus, bimetallic Pd-M/AC catalysts have a potential for practical CO oxidation reaction.
Graphical Abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Antonaroli S, Crociani B, Natale CD, Nardis S, Stefanelli M, Paolesse R (2015) Sens Actuator B 208:334
Duan H, Xu C (2015) J Catal 332:31
Figueroa SJA, Newton MA (2014) J Catal 312:69
Reddy BM, Thrimurthulu G, Katta L, Yamada Y, Park SE (2009) J Phys Chem C 113:15882
Singhania A, Gupta SM (2018) J Nanosci Nanotechnol 18:4614
Destro P, Marras S, Manna L, Colombo M, Zanchet D (2017) Catal Today 282:105
Abdelsayed V, Aljarash A, El-Shall MS, Al Othman ZA, Alghamdi AH (2009) Chem Mater 21:2825
Hazlett MJ, Moses-Debusk M, Parks ll JE, Allard LE, Epling WS (2017) Appl Catal B 202:404
Bang K, Shin K, Ryu MS, Kwon S, Lee HM (2016) Catal Today 265:14
Wu G, Guan N, Li L (2011) Catal Sci Technol 1:601
Liu D, Zhu YF, Jiang Q (2015) RSC Adv 5:1587
Choi KH, Lee DH, Kim HS, Yoon YC, Park CS (2016) Ind Eng Chem Res 55:4443
Reddy BM, Lakshmanan P, Bharali P, Saikia P, Thrimurthulu G, Muhler M, Grünert W (2007) J Phys Chem C 111:10478
Wang Y, Widmann D, Wehm RJ (2017) ACS Catal 7:2339
Saqlain MA, Antunes FPN, Hussain A, Siddiq M, Leitao AA (2017) New J Chem 41:2073
Singhania A (2017) Ind Eng Chem Res 56:13594
Han SW, Kim DH, Jeong MG, Park KJ, Kim YD (2016) Chem Eng J 283:992
Jeong MG, Kim IH, Han SW, Kim DH, Kim YD (2016) J Mol Catal A 414:87
Wang F, Lu G (2007) Catal Lett 115:46
Singhania A, Gupta SM (2017) Beilstein J Nanotechnol 8:264
Singhania A, Gupta SM (2017) Beilstein J Nanotechnol 8:1546
Chua YPG, Gunasooriya GTKK., Saeys M, Seebauer EG (2014) J Catal 311:306
Wang GY, Lian HL, Zhang WX, Jiang DZ, Wu TH (2002) Kin Catal 43:433
Singhania A, Bhaskarwar AN, Kale DM, Thomas NJ, Prabhu BN, Bhardwaj A, Bhargava B, Parvatalu D, Banerjee S (2014) IN Patent 2259/DEL/2014 2014
Singhania A, Krishnan VV, Bhaskarwar AN, Prabhu BN, Parvatalu D, Banerjee S (2016) Int J Hydrogen Energ 41:10538
Singhania A, Bhaskarwar AN, Kale DM, Thomas NJ, Prabhu BN, Bhardwaj A, Bhargava B, Parvatalu D, Banerjee S (2014) IN Patent 2308/DEL/2014 2014
Singhania A, Bhaskarwar AN (2017) Catal Rev Sci Eng. https://doi.org/10.1080/01614940.2017.1366189
Lee CW, Park SJ, Kim YS, Chong PJ (1995) Bull Korean Chem Soc 16:296
Park ED, Lee JS (1998) J Catal 180:123
Watson JM, Ozkan US (2003) J Catal 217:1
Rebelli J, Detwiler M, Ma S, Williams CT, Monnier JR (2010) J Catal 270:224
Kolli NE, Delannoy L, Louis C (2013) J Catal 297:79
Singhania A, Krishnan VV, Bhaskarwar AN, Bhargava B, Parvatalu D, Banerjee S (2017) Catal Commun 93:5
Singhania A, Krishnan VV, Bhaskarwar AN, Bhargava B, Parvatalu D (2017) Int J Hydrogen Energy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.07.088
Singhania A (2017) Catal Lett. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-017-2240-0
Wang F, Zhao K, Zhang H, Dong Y, Wang T, He D (2014) Chem Eng J 242:10
Li D, Wang L, Zhang P, Chen S, Xu J (2013) Catal Commun 37:32
Wang C, We C, Lauterbach J, Sasmaz E (2017) Appl Catal Environ B 206:1
Wojcieszak R, Zielinski M, Monteverdi S, Bettahar M (2006) J Coll Interface Sci 299:238
Di L, Xu W, Zhan Z, Zhang X (2015) RSC Adv 5:71854
Estifaee P, Haghighi M, Mohammadi N, Rahmani F (2014) Ultrason Sonochem 21:1155
Choi KH, Lee DH, Kim HS, Yoon YC, Park CS, Kim YH (2016) Ind Eng Chem Res 55:4443
Olmos CM, Chinchilla LE, Delgado JJ, Hungria AB, Blanco G, Calvino JJ, Chen X (2016) Catal Lett 146:144
Venezia AM, Liotta LF, Parola VL, Deganello G, Beck A, Koppany Z, Frey K, Horvath D, Guczi L (2003) Appl Catal Gen A 251:359
Bera P, Gayen A, Hegde MS, Lalla NP, Spadaro L, Frusteri F, Arena F (2003) J Phys Chem B 107:6122
Acknowledgements
The authors want to thank GGSIPU, New Delhi, India for the Grant under FRGS.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Singhania, A., Gupta, S.M. Low-Temperature CO Oxidation: Effect of the Second Metal on Activated Carbon Supported Pd Catalysts. Catal Lett 148, 946–952 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-018-2298-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-018-2298-3