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Purine Metabolism in Platelets and Heart Cells of Hyperlipidemic Rats

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Abstract

Purpose

Hyperlipidemia, characterized by an increase in circulating lipid levels, doubles the chance of developing cardiovascular diseases. It prompts inflammation, immune activation, and oxidative stress in the bloodstream and organs of rats. Thus, we theorized that the metabolism of purines, an immunomodulatory mechanism, is altered in cells involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases.

Methods

Therefore, we induced acute hyperlipidemia in Wistar rats with Poloxamer-407 and euthanized the animals 36 h later. The leucocyte differential, the rate of purine metabolism on the surface of platelets and heart cells, and markers of oxidative stress in the heart tissue were evaluated. These parameters were also assessed in animals pretreated for 30 days with curcumin and/or rutin.

Results

Hyperlipidemia increased the hydrolyses of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) in platelets. In heart cells, the metabolism of ATP and adenosine (ADO) were increased, while ADP hydrolysis was reduced. Additionally, lipid damage and antioxidant defenses were increased in heart homogenates. Hyperlipidemic rats also exhibited a reduced percentage of eosinophils and lymphocytes.

Conclusion

Together, these findings are indicative of an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in hyperlipidemic rats. The pretreatments with antioxidants reverted some of the changes prompted by hyperlipidemia preventing detrimental changes in the cells and tissues.

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Availability of Data and Material

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within this article.

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Funding

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001. PROEX number (88882.182184/2018–01).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada (LABIBIO), Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    A. G. Manzoni, D. F. Passos, P. H. Doleski & D. B. R. Leal

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    A. G. Manzoni, D. F. Passos, P. H. Doleski, J. W. Leitemperger, V. L. Loro & D. B. R. Leal

  3. Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    J. W. Leitemperger & V. L. Loro

Authors
  1. A. G. Manzoni
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  2. D. F. Passos
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  3. P. H. Doleski
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  4. J. W. Leitemperger
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  5. V. L. Loro
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  6. D. B. R. Leal
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to D. B. R. Leal.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

This work was approved by the Ethics Committee on the Use of Animal at the Federal University of Santa Maria (Protocol number: 1006200117).

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Manzoni, A.G., Passos, D.F., Doleski, P.H. et al. Purine Metabolism in Platelets and Heart Cells of Hyperlipidemic Rats. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 34, 813–821 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10557-020-07034-5

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