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De- “bug”-ing the microbiome in lung cancer

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Abstract

The identification of microbes enriched in the healthy lung has led to the compelling discovery that microbes may contribute to lung cancer pathogenesis. Here, we review the recent literature showing microbial associations with lung cancer as well as the functional features that have been identified in human and murine studies. Most biomarker data remain limited due to variable findings. However, multiple studies have found that lung tumors or ipsilateral airway samples have decreased α diversity compared to normal tissue. Specific genera, such as Veillonella and Streptococcus, were also found in association with lung tumors using multiple sampling methodologies. These microbes, which are generally found in the upper respiratory track, are associated with an IL-17 signature in the lung, potentially resulting in a pro-tumorigenic environment. Studies detailing these immune mechanisms are limited, and further investigation is necessary to delineate how these bacteria, their metabolites, and potentially tumor-associated neoantigens modulate the immune response in cancer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Pakhi Birla & Fyza Y. Shaikh

  2. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans Street CRB1 Bldg, Suite 4M 441, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA

    Pakhi Birla & Fyza Y. Shaikh

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All authors contributed to the writing of the manuscript and approved the final version of this manuscript.

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Correspondence to Fyza Y. Shaikh.

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FYS received funding through a grant to Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine from Bristol-Myers Squibb, outside of this work.

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Birla, P., Shaikh, F.Y. De- “bug”-ing the microbiome in lung cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 41, 335–346 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-022-10036-4

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