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Theory of Justice, OCB, and Individualism: Kyrgyz Citizens

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Abstract

Research suggests that organizational justice (procedural, distributive, and interactional justice) has important impacts on work-related attitudes and behaviors, such as organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). In this article, we explore the extent to which individualism moderates the relationship between organizational justice and OCB (organizational obedience, participation, and loyalty) among citizens in Kyrgyzstan. We make additional contributions to the literature because we know very little about these constructs in this former Soviet Union country, Kyrgyzstan, an under-researched and under-represented region of the world. Results of our data collected from 402 managers and employees in Kyrgyzstan offer the following new discoveries. All three justice constructs are related to OCB. Individualism moderates only the distributive and interactive justice to OCB relationships. We develop an intricate theory with provocative implications: Procedural justice produces obedience. For “individualists,” interactional justice inspires loyalty and, interestingly, distributive justice “can only buy” participation, but “can’t buy” loyalty. Therefore, for individualists, interactional justice outweighs distributive justice for organizational loyalty. Based on Kyrgyz citizens’ justice, OCB, and individualism, our theory reveals novel insights regarding culture, money attitude, and intrinsic motivation and provides critical and practical implications to the field of business ethics.

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Notes

  1. We searched Web of Science, used the following two sets of terms—“Kyrgyzstan and organizational justice” and “Kyrgyzstan and OCB,” and found no article published in the literature regarding these variables, as of January 15, 2015.

  2. Considering from the means (procedural justice) to an end (distributive justice).

  3. Our findings signify splendid wisdom across cultures and religions—love one another: Tell them to do good, to be rich in good works, to be generous, ready to share (The Holy Bible: 1 Timothy 6: 18). The trustworthy man will be richly blessed (Proverbs 28: 20). Heavenly practice enriches prudent diligence; glorious virtue sustains prosperous affluence (Chinese Proverbs: 天道酬勤, 厚德载物). We shall give abundance to those who do good (The Holy Quran: 2: 58).

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Ivy Strohm for her assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human Resource Management, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Gümüşhane University, Gümüşhane, Turkey

    Mehmet Ferhat Özbek

  2. Department of International Trade and Business Management, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Avrasya University, Trabzon, Turkey

    Mohammad Asif Yoldash

  3. Department of Management and Marketing, Jennings A. Jones College of Business, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA

    Thomas Li-Ping Tang

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  1. Mehmet Ferhat Özbek
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Özbek, M.F., Yoldash, M.A. & Tang, T.LP. Theory of Justice, OCB, and Individualism: Kyrgyz Citizens. J Bus Ethics 137, 365–382 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2553-0

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