Abstract
Accurate analysis of scalp-recorded electrical activity requires the identification of electrode locations in 3D space. For example, source analysis of EEG/ERP (electroencephalogram, EEG; event-related-potentials, ERP) with realistic head models requires the identification of electrode locations on the head model derived from structural MRI recordings. Electrode systems must cover the entire scalp in sufficient density to discriminate EEG activity on the scalp and to complete accurate source analysis. The current study compares techniques for averaging electrode locations from 86 participants with the 128 channel “Geodesic Sensor Net” (GSN; EGI, Inc.), 38 participants with the 128 channel “Hydrocel Geodesic Sensor Net” (HGSN; EGI, Inc.), and 174 participants with the 81 channels in the 10–10 configurations. A point-set registration between the participants and an average MRI template resulted in an average configuration showing small standard errors, which could be transformed back accurately into the participants’ original electrode space. Average electrode locations are available for the GSN (86 participants), Hydrocel-GSN (38 participants), and 10–10 and 10–5 systems (174 participants).
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Notes
The ANOVAs were done with the SAS GLM analysis program. The averaging type for this analysis was nested in the participants, and the appropriate error term was estimated with explicit testing routines. For the post hoc comparisons, the Tukey LSD method was used, with the error term for the analysis coming from the MS error term for the omnibus averaging type test.
We have developed measurement and calculation procedures for determining in subject space the locations of Nz, Iz, Vz, LPA, RPA, LMA, and RMA based on external head measurements. A circumference of the head is measured on the Nz–Iz horizontal plane, the vertical planes are defined as being perpendicular to the Nz-Iz horizontal plane, with the left–right plane’s circumference measured from the LPA to the RPA with the vertex point as laying at 50 % of this circumference and the anterior-posterior circumference measured as the circumference from the Nz to the Iz through the Vz. The Cz is defined as 50 % of the circumference on the anterior-posterior plane. In addition to the circumferences, we measure the diameter from the Nz to the Iz, and the LPA and the RPA. The origin is defined as a point at the intersection of the three planes, and all fiducials can be defined in relation to these points.
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This work was supported by the NIH Grant to JER, R37 HD18942, and by the USAMERA Grant to JMCV, W81XWH-06-1-0272.
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Richards, J.E., Boswell, C., Stevens, M. et al. Evaluating Methods for Constructing Average High-Density Electrode Positions. Brain Topogr 28, 70–86 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-014-0400-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-014-0400-8