Abstract
Streptomyces is one of the most prolific producers of economically important bioactive compounds used against several illnesses; it has also been found to produce industrially useful enzymes. In this study, Streptomyces sp. (ERINLG-201) was isolated from the soil sample of Kodanad forest (Southern Western Ghats), The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India. ERINLG-201 isolate showed promising antibacterial activity against tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria which was confirmed by perpendicular ‘T’ streak method. Secondary metabolites of ERINLG-201 isolate exhibited promising antibacterial activity against tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria which was confirmed by disc diffusion method using the ethylacetate extract. Further, the ethylacetate extract of ERINLG-201 (15 g) was packed in column chromatography over silica gel and eluted; it resulted in isolation of a new naphthoquinone derivative named bluemomycin from the active fraction. Bluemomycin showed promising antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria and clinical isolates at least concentration (6.25 µg/mL). Cytotoxic studies of bluemomycin showed promising activity against A549, Skvo-3 and HepG2 cell lines with IC50 values of 5.9, 24.2 and 11 µM, respectively.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to extend their sincere appreciation to the Vice Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for its funding of this research. The authors thank Entomology Research Institute for providing financial support and research facilities. The authors wish to thank Dr K. Balakrishna, Entomology Research Institute, India and also Dr A. Patra, University college of Science, Kolkata, India for helpful discussions in elucidation of the structure of bluemomycin. The authors also thank Prof. Shin Aoki, (Pharmaceutical Sciences), Tokyo University of Sciences, Japan for helping to analyse a HR-ESI-MS. The authors also thank Dr P. Saravana Kumar, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China, for helpful discussion on isolation and spectroscopic results.
Supporting Information
Supplementary Fig. 1—UV-Vis spectrum of bluemomycin.
Supplementary Fig. 2—FT-IR spectrum of bluemomycin.
Supplementary Fig. 3a—1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) spectrum of bluemomycin.
Supplementary Fig. 3b—1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) spectrum of bluemomycin.
Supplementary Fig. 3c—1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) spectrum of bluemomycin.
Supplementary Fig. 3d—1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) spectrum of bluemomycin.
Supplementary Fig. 3e—1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) spectrum of bluemomycin.
Supplementary Fig. 3f—1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) spectrum of bluemomycin.
Supplementary Fig. 3g—1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) spectrum of bluemomycin.
Supplementary Fig. 4—13C NMR (125 MHz) spectrum of bluemomycin.
Supplementary Fig. 5—COSY spectrum of bluemomycin.
Supplementary Fig. 6—HSQC spectrum of bluemomycin.
Supplementary Fig. 7—HMBC spectrum of bluemomycin.
Supplementary Fig. 8—HR-ESI-MS spectrum of bluemomycin.
Supplementary Table 1—Isolation media for Streptomyces sp.
Supplementary Table 2—Various fermentation media for secondary metabolite production.
Supplementary Table 3—Production of antimicrobial metabolites in different fermentation media for active isolate ERINLG-201 (1 mg/disc).
SupplementaryTable 4—Antimicrobial activity of ethylacetate fractions of ERINLG-201.
Funding
This work is supported by Vice Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia and Entomology Research Institute, India.
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CB: isolation of bluemomycin, antimicrobial and cytotoxic investigation and writing-original draft preparation. NAA: funding and edit final draft. VD: supervision and edit final draft. SI: study design, supervision and edit final draft.
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Balachandran, C., Al-Dhabi, N.A., Duraipandiyan, V. et al. Bluemomycin, a new naphthoquinone derivative from Streptomyces sp. with antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. Biotechnol Lett 43, 1005–1018 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-021-03089-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-021-03089-y