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Genetic Diversity of Bosnian and Herzegovinian Autochthonous Dog Breed Bosnian Broken-Haired Hound—Barak

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Abstract

Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) classifies a group of hound dogs in the sixth FCI group divided into three sections and three subsections that include 76 dog breeds. With the Istrian wire-haired hound, the Bosnian broken-haired hound—Barak is one of the two internationally recognized and standardized broken-haired hound breeds from the Balkans. However, genotyping of this breed has not been the subject of study so far. A total of 30 dogs (22 males and eight females) from different breeders from 17 locations in Bosnia and Herzegovina were selected for genotyping. All selected individuals had a valid pedigree issued by the Kennel Club in Bosnia and Herzegovina to ensure dogs were unrelated. Hairs with follicles were used for DNA extraction. Ten microsatellite loci from the commercial StockMarks® for Canine Genotyping Kit were amplified. Estimated genetic indices showed that Bosnian broken-haired hound—Barak harbors a high genetic variability. Phylogenetic relationships between Barak and the other 15 dog breeds, including Tornjak, another indigenous breed from Bosnia and Herzegovina, were assessed. An analysis showed clear differentiation of Barak, with Tornjak as the closest one among analyzed breeds. The results suggest that Barak, as we know it today, was developed during the formation of most modern breeds. Although Barak cannot yet be considered an endangered breed thanks to enthusiasts and hunters, the declining population trends impose the urgent need to establish an animal gene bank and programs for in situ conservation to protect and preserve this autochthonous breed of hound dog for future generations.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank all dog owners who consented to provide samples for this study.

Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Genetic Resources, University of Banja Luka, Bulevar vojvode Petra Bojovica 1a, 78000, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Jelena Nikitović

  2. University of Sarajevo-Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Naris Pojskić, Abdurahim Kalajdžić, Lejla Ušanović & Belma Kalamujić Stroil

  3. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management, Trg Republike Srpske 1, 78000, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Zoran Maletić

Authors
  1. Jelena Nikitović
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  2. Naris Pojskić
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  3. Abdurahim Kalajdžić
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  4. Lejla Ušanović
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  5. Zoran Maletić
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  6. Belma Kalamujić Stroil
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Contributions

JN, NP, and BKS contributed to the study conception and design. JN and ZM conducted all field research. JN, LU, and BKS contributed to material preparation, laboratory analysis, and data collection. NP and AK performed all statistical analyses. All authors participated in drafting the first version of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Jelena Nikitović.

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Conflict of interest

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Research Involving Human and Animal Participants

No animals were harmed during this study.

Informed Consent

The material for the study has been collected by non-invasive method and with full consent of the dogs’ owners.

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Nikitović, J., Pojskić, N., Kalajdžić, A. et al. Genetic Diversity of Bosnian and Herzegovinian Autochthonous Dog Breed Bosnian Broken-Haired Hound—Barak. Biochem Genet 61, 901–915 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-022-10291-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-022-10291-8

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