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Behaviour of steel cushions subjected to combined actions

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Abstract

Mild steel is relatively low-cost and easily accessible material to fabricate some structural members. It would be a significant advantage if seismic energy dissipaters that are used in structures constructed in the earthquake prone areas, could also be produced on site. In this paper, a promising seismic energy dissipater made of mild steel, so-called steel cushion (SC) is presented. It is provided experimental and analytical responses of SCs subjected to bi-axial loadings. SC rolls under the lateral loading that allows relocation of the plasticized cross-section. Henceforth, SC dissipates considerable amount of seismic energy. A series of tests were performed to achieve experimentally the behavior of SC subjected to longitudinal and transversal loading. Finite Element Models (FEMs) were also generated to reproduce the experimental backbone curves and to predict the bi-directional response properties for discrete transversal forces and plate thicknesses. Closed-form equations were derived to determine yield and ultimate forces and the corresponding displacements as well as location of the plasticized sections. The behavior of SC could either be projected by the FEMs with the exhibited parameters or by means of the proposed closed-form equations and the normalized design chart.

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Acknowledgements

The research presented herein was conducted in the framework of the FP7 project ‘‘SAFECLADDING: “Improved Fastening Systems of Cladding Wall Panels of Precast Buildings in Seismic Zones” Research for SME Associations, Grant Agreement Number 314122, which was coordinated by Dr. Alessio Rinoldi from BIBM, Belgium. The financial support provided by the Commission of the European Communities through this project is greatly appreciated. The experimental study was conducted at the Structural and Earthquake Engineering Laboratory of Istanbul Technical University (STEELab). The supports of Laboratory staff and graduate students are gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey

    Ercan Yüksel

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Isik University, Sile, Istanbul, Turkey

    Faruk Karadoğan

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, Beykent University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey

    Hasan Özkaynak

  4. Institute for Science and Technology, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey

    Arastoo Khajehdehi & Ahmet Güllü

  5. Senso Engineering Ltd, ITU Teknopark, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey

    Eleni Smyrou

  6. Earthquake Engineering and Disaster Management Institute, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey

    İhsan Engin Bal

Authors
  1. Ercan Yüksel
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  2. Faruk Karadoğan
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  3. Hasan Özkaynak
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  4. Arastoo Khajehdehi
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  5. Ahmet Güllü
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  6. Eleni Smyrou
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  7. İhsan Engin Bal
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Correspondence to Ercan Yüksel.

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Yüksel, E., Karadoğan, F., Özkaynak, H. et al. Behaviour of steel cushions subjected to combined actions. Bull Earthquake Eng 16, 707–729 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-017-0217-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-017-0217-4

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