Abstract
In Japan and Turkey, predominantly traditional design concept of pile group is still adopted even though most pile foundations are piled raft foundations in reality. This situation may be attributed to the still limited knowledge about behaviour of piled rafts subjected to the combination of static and dynamic loads. Hence, in this study, a series of shaking table tests on 3-pile piled raft and 3-pile pile group models were carried out in saturated sand at 1-g field under the combinations of static vertical and dynamic horizontal loading, where the input motion was sinusoidal wave having a frequency of 20 Hz and 1.50 and 6.00 m/s2 amplitudes. The results showed that, raft-model ground contact in piled raft is very effective to reduce settlement compared to pile group even in liquefied soil. Moreover, even in piled raft, the horizontal resistance reduces if liquefaction of the ground surface occurs, due to the loss of the raft base resistance.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hamada J, Tsuchiya T, Tanikawa T, Yamashita K (2012) Lateral loading model tests on piled rafts and their evaluation with simplified theoretical equations. In: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Testing and Design Methods for Deep Foundations (IS-Kanazawa 2012), 1:467–476
Horikoshi K, Matsumoto T, Hashizume Y, Watanabe T (2003) Performance of piled raft foundations subjected to dynamic loading. Int J Phys Model Geotech 3(2):51–62
Iai S (1989) Similitude for shaking table tests on soil-structure-fluid model in 1 g gravitational field. Soils and Found 29(1):105–118
Ishizaki S, Tokimatsu K, Nagao T (2012) Overview of semi-rigid pile head connection methods and their effect on buildings in liquefiable soil. Proceedings the 9th International Conference on Testing and Design Methods for Deep Foundations:IS- Kanazawa: 13–24
Kagawa T, Sato M, Minowa C, Abe A, Tazoh T (2004) Centrifuge simulation of large-scale shaking table tests: case studies. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng, ASCE 130(7):663–672
Katzenbach R, Leppla S. (2013) Economic solutions for geotechnical challenges like super high-rise buildings and urban tunnelling. In: International Conference state of the art of pile foundation and pile case histories, Indonesia A1-1–A1-12
Matsumoto T, Fukumura K, Oki A, Horikoshi K (2004) Shaking table tests on model piled rafts in sand considering influence of superstructures. Int J Phys Model Geotech 4(3):20–37
Matsumoto T, Fujita M, Mikami H, Yaegashi K, Arai T, Kitiyodom P (2010) Load tests of piled raft models with different pile head connection conditions and their analyses. Soils and Found 50(1):63–81
Murono T, Nishumura A, Nagazuma M (1997) Model test on a group-pile considering the vibration of ground in seismic evaluation. Proceedings of the 24th Symp. of Japan Earthquake Engineering. 625–628
Pastsakorn K, Hashizume Y, Matsumoto T (2002) Lateral load tests on model pile groups and piled raft foundations in sand. In: Proceedings of International Conference Physical Modelling in Geotechnics. 709–714
Poulos HG, Davis AJ (2005) Foundation design for the emirates twin towers Dubai. Can Geotech J 2:716–730
Romo MP, Mendoza MJ, Garcia SR (2000) Geotechnical factors in seismic design of foundations state of the art report. 12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Auckland, New Zeland, 2832
Sawada K, Takemura J (2014) Centrifuge model tests on piled raft foundation in sand subjected to lateral and moment loads. Soils and Found 54(2):126–140
Shibata T, Yashima A, Kimura M (1989) Model tests and analyses of laterally loaded pile groups. Soils and Found 29(1):31–44
Tokimatsu K, Suzuki H (2004) Pore water pressure response around piles and its effects on p-y behavior during soil liquefaction. Soils and Found 44(6):101–110
Tokimatsu K, Suzuki H, Sato M (2005) Effects of inertial and kinematic interaction on seismic behavior of pile with embedded foundation. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 25(7–10):753–762
Unsever YS, Matsumoto T, Shimono S, Ozkan MY (2014) Static cyclic load tests on model foundations in dry sand. Geotech Eng J SEAGS and AGSSEA 45(2):40–51
Unsever YS, Matsumoto T, Ozkan MY (2015) Numerical analyses of load tests on model foundations in dry sand. Comput Geotech 63:255–266
Yamashita K (2012) Field measurements on piled raft foundations in Japan. Proceedings of International Conference on Testing and Design Methods for Deep Foundations, Kanazawa 79–96
Yamashita K, Yamada T, Hamada J (2011a) Investigation of settlement and load sharing on piled rafts by monitoring full-scale structures. Soils and Found 51(3):513–532
Yamashita K, Hamada J, Yamada T (2011b) Field measurements on piled rafts with grid-form deep mixing walls on soft ground. Geotech Eng J SEAGS and AGSSEA 42(2):1–10
Zhang F, Okawa K, Kimura M (2008) Centrifuge model test on dynamic behavior of group-pile foundation with inclined piles and its numerical simulation. Front Archit Civ Eng China 2(3):233–241
Acknowledgments
The authors greatly appreciate Mr. Shinya Shimono, Kanazawa University, for his devoted support in carrying out the experiments.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Unsever, Y.S., Matsumoto, T., Esashi, K. et al. Behaviour of model pile foundations under dynamic loads in saturated sand. Bull Earthquake Eng 15, 1355–1373 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-016-0029-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-016-0029-y