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UV astronomy throughout the ages: a historical perspective

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Abstract

Astronomers have long recognized the critical need for ultraviolet imaging, photometry and spectroscopy of stars, planets, and galaxies, but this need could not be satisfied without access to space and the development of efficient instrumentation. When UV measurements became feasible, first with rockets and then with satellites, major discoveries came rapidly. It is true in the UV spectral region as in all others, that significant increases in sensitivity, spectral resolution, and time domain coverage have led to significant new understanding of astrophysical phenomena. I will describe a selection of these discoveries made in each of three eras: (1) the early history of rocket instrumentation and Copernicus, the first UV satellite, (2) the discovery phase pioneered by the IUE, FUSE and EUVE satellites, and (3) the full flowering of UV astronomy with the successful operation of HST and its many instruments. I will also mention a few areas where future UV instrumentation could lead to new discoveries. This review concentrates on developments in stellar and interstellar UV spectroscopy; the major discoveries in galactic, extragalactic, and solar system research are beyond the scope of this review. The important topic of UV technologies and detectors, which enable the remarkable advances in UV astronomy are also not included in this review.

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Acknowledgements

I would like to thank NASA and the Space Telescope Science Institute for support in obtaining and analyzing observations with the IUE, FUSE, and HST satellites. The Space Telescope Science Institute is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. I also thank Prof. Noah Brosch at Tel Aviv University and the organizers of the Ultraviolet Sky Surveys symposium for the opportunity to present this paper and Prof. Kevin France for his many very helpful suggestions. Finally, I would like to thank the referee for identifying space missions that I had omitted and for a very thorough critique of the manuscript that has improved its quality.

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    Jeffrey L. Linsky

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Correspondence to Jeffrey L. Linsky.

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This article belongs to the Topical Collection: UV Surveys, the Needs and the Means. Guest Editors: Ana I. Gómez de Castro, Noah Brosch.

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Linsky, J.L. UV astronomy throughout the ages: a historical perspective. Astrophys Space Sci 363, 101 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-018-3319-9

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