Abstract
Bolometric luminosity is a basic physical parameter that is widely used in the study of blazars. Due to the lack of simultaneous full wavelength data, several estimators of the bolometric luminosity are being used in practice. In this paper, we study and evaluate the reliability and significance of six estimators, the \(5\mbox{GHz}\) luminosity, the 1keV luminosity, the \(\gamma\)-ray luminosity, the \(5\mbox{GHz}\) luminosity + the 1keV luminosity, the \(5\mbox{GHz}\) luminosity + the \(\gamma\)-ray luminosity and the 1keV luminosity + the \(\gamma\)-ray luminosity, by analyzing the linear correlations between the integrated bolometric luminosity and them. Our main results are as follows. (i) All the six estimators are reliable in the sense that they are all significant correlated with the bolometric luminosity. (ii) Ranking from the higher significance of the reliability to lower one the six estimators are the \(5\mbox{GHz}\) luminosity + the \(\gamma\)-ray luminosity, the 1keV luminosity + the \(\gamma\)-ray luminosity, \(\gamma\)-ray luminosity, the \(5\mbox{GHz}\) luminosity + the 1keV luminosity, the \(5\mbox{GHz}\) luminosity and the 1keV luminosity. (iii) We suggest that the bolometric luminosity can be well estimated by the \(\gamma\)-ray luminosity using the best linear equation that given in this paper for Fermi FSRQs. (iv) According to the linear regressions obtained in the analysis, we provide calibration for each estimator.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdo, A.A., Ackermann, M., Agudo, I., et al.: Astrophys. J. 716, 30 (2010)
Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Allafort, A., et al.: Astrophys. J. 743, 171 (2011)
Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W.B., et al.: Astrophys. J. 810, 14 (2015)
Atwood, W.B., Abdo, A.A., Ackermann, M., et al.: Astrophys. J. 697, 1071 (2009)
Beckmann, V., Wolter, A., Celotti, A., et al.: Astron. Astrophys. 383, 410 (2002)
Chen, L.: Astrophys. J. 788, 179 (2014)
Costamante, L., Ghisellini, G.: Astron. Astrophys. 384, 56 (2002)
Donato, D., Ghisellini, G., Tagliaferri, G., Fossati, G.: Astron. Astrophys. 375, 739 (2001)
Elvis, M., Wilkes, B.J., McDowell, J.C., et al.: Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 95, 1 (1994)
Fan, J.H., Xie, G.Z., Bacon, R.: Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 136, 13 (1999)
Fan, J.H., Yang, J.H., Liu, Y., et al.: Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 226, 20 (2016)
Fan, J.H., Yang, J.H., Xiao, H.B., et al.: Astrophys. J. Lett. 835, L38 (2017)
Fossati, G., Maraschi, L., Celotti, A., Comastri, A., Ghisellini, G.: Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 299, 433 (1998)
Ghisellini, G.: Accretion and Ejection in AGN: A Global View, vol. 427, p. 249 (2010)
Ghisellini, G.: Galaxies 4, 36 (2016)
Ghisellini, G., Tavecchio, F.: Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 387, 1669 (2008)
Ghisellini, G., Tavecchio, F.: Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 448, 1060 (2015)
Ghisellini, G., Maraschi, L., Tavecchio, F.: Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 396, L105 (2009)
Giommi, P., Polenta, G., Lähteenmäki, A., et al.: Astron. Astrophys. 541, A160 (2012)
Kaspi, S., Smith, P.S., Netzer, H., et al.: Astrophys. J. 533, 631 (2000)
Kelly, B.C.: Astrophys. J. 665, 1489 (2007)
Mao, P., Urry, C.M., Massaro, F., et al.: Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 224, 26 (2016)
Marscher, A.P.: arXiv:0909.2576 (2009)
Massaro, E., Perri, M., Giommi, P., Nesci, R.: Astron. Astrophys. 413, 489 (2004)
Massaro, E., Tramacere, A., Perri, M., Giommi, P., Tosti, G.: Astron. Astrophys. 448, 861 (2006)
Nemmen, R.S., Georganopoulos, M., Guiriec, S., et al.: Science 338, 1445 (2012)
Pjanka, P., Zdziarski, A.A., Sikora, M.: Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 465, 3506 (2017)
Plotkin, R.M., Markoff, S., Kelly, B.C., Körding, E., Anderson, S.F.: Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 419, 267 (2012)
Richards, G.T., Lacy, M., Storrie-Lombardi, L.J., et al.: Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 166, 470 (2006)
Sbarrato, T., Ghisellini, G., Maraschi, L., Colpi, M.: Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 421, 1764 (2012)
Shang, Z., Brotherton, M.S., Green, R.F., et al.: Astrophys. J. 619, 41 (2005)
Stratta, G., Capalbi, M., Giommi, P., et al.: arXiv:1103.0749 (2011)
Trippe, S.: J. Korean Astron. Soc. 48, 203 (2015)
Xie, G.Z., Dai, H., Mao, L.S., et al.: Astron. J. 131, 1210 (2006)
Xie, G.Z., Zhou, S.B., Liang, E.W.: Astron. J. 127, 53 (2004)
Xiong, D.R., Zhang, X.: Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 441, 3375 (2014)
Xue, R., Luo, D., Du, L.M., et al.: Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 463, 3038 (2016)
Yu, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, H., et al.: Astrophys. Space Sci. 360, 16 (2015)
Acknowledgements
Part of this work is based on archival data, software or online services provided by the ASI SCIENCE DATA CENTER (ASDC). We are very grateful to Professor Giommi and the supporting team in ASDC for their help. This work is supported by the Joint Research Fund in Astronomy (Grant Nos. U1431123, 10978019, 11263006, 11463001) under cooperative agreement between the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan (Grant No.: 2013FZ042) and the Yunnan province education department project (Grant No. 2014Y138, 2016ZZX066).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, Z., Xue, R., Du, L. et al. On estimators of the jet bolometric luminosity of Fermi 2LAC blazars. Astrophys Space Sci 362, 191 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-017-3142-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-017-3142-8