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Establishment of four types of allotetraploids derived from Crassostrea gigas and C. angulata and their breeding potential

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Abstract

Large-scale production of triploid oysters requires tetraploids as broodstock; hence, tetraploidy is a key asset for the triploid oyster industry. To explore the possibility of obtaining new allotetraploid strains with improved traits through hybridization and polyploidization, we conducted a comparative study for growth, survival, and gonadal development of tetraploid Crassostrea gigas, tetraploid C. angulata, and four allotetraploids. Firstly, allotriploid GGA (C. gigas ♀ × C. angulata ♂) and AAG (C. angulata ♀ × C. gigas ♂) were obtained from the hybridization between diploid C. gigas and diploid C. angulata by inhibiting the polar body II. Subsequently, allotetraploid GGGA (triploid C. gigas ♀ × diploid C. angulata ♂), allotetraploid AAAG (triploid C. angulata ♀ × diploid C. gigas ♂), allotetraploid GGAG (allotriploid GGA ♀ × diploid C. gigas ♂), allotetraploid AAGG (allotriploid AAG ♀ × diploid C. gigas ♂), autotetraploid GGGG (triploid C. gigas ♀ × diploid C. gigas ♂), and autotetraploid AAAA (triploid C. angulata ♀ × diploid C. angulata ♂) were obtained by inhibiting polar body I. The growth, survival, and gonad development of six groups (GGGA, AAAG, GGAG, AAGG, GGGG, and AAAA) were assessed. There were no detectable differences in fertilization and hatching rates among the six groups. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the tetraploid ratios of the four allotetraploid groups exceeded 88% on day 20. At larval stage, the allotetraploids GGGA and GGAG groups had higher growth rates and cumulative survival rates than the autotetraploid groups. Field-based phenotyping at three sites indicated that certain allotetraploid groups exhibited higher growth and survival compared to the autotetraploid groups. In particular, the best group over 9 months of testing was the allotetraploid GGAG, which significantly outperformed the autotetraploid groups in growth and survival. Furthermore, most of the individuals from the four allotetraploids were fully mature, with morphologically normal oocytes or sperm. The establishment of these four allotetraploids offers new germplasm resources for oyster genetic improvement and commercial production.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This research was supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFD2400305), Earmarked Fund for Agriculture Seed Improvement Project of Shandong Province (2021ZLGX03, 2022LZGCQY010, and 2020LZGC016), and China Agriculture Research System Project (CARS-49).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China

    Gaowei Jiang, Chengxun Xu & Qi Li

  2. Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China

    Qi Li

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  1. Gaowei Jiang
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  2. Chengxun Xu
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Contributions

Gaowei Jiang: conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, methodology, and writing—original draft. Chengxun Xu: supervision and resources. Qi Li: supervision, conceptualization, resources, writing—review and editing, and funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Qi Li.

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The present study was performed according to the standard operation procedures (SOPs) of the Guide for the Use of Experimental Animals of the Ocean University of China. All animal care and use procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Ocean University of China.

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Jiang, G., Xu, C. & Li, Q. Establishment of four types of allotetraploids derived from Crassostrea gigas and C. angulata and their breeding potential. Aquacult Int (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-024-01411-9

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