Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the different effects of dietary microencapsulated synbiotics on the growth, intestinal histology, immune responses, and gut microbiota diversity of white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). This study used a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. Five different feed treatments were used to feed experimental shrimp for 8 weeks, namely, SBM (1% Bacillus NP5 108 CFU g−1 and 0.4% mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS)), SPM (1% Pseudoalteromonas piscicida 1Ub 108 CFU g−1 and 0.4% MOS), and SBPM (0.5% Bacillus NP5 108 CFU g−1, 0.5%, P. piscicida 1Ub 108 CFU g−1, and 0.4% MOS) and the controls without synbiotics administration consisted of the positive control (PC) and the negative control (NC). Pacific white shrimp from all treatments, except NC, were challenged with 106 CFU mL−1 Vibrio parahaemolyticus, injected intramuscularly. In this study, an in vitro test was performed that showed that P. piscicida 1Ub could utilize MOS as a prebiotic (synergistic effects). The results showed that dietary synbiotics with different effects for 60 days resulted in higher growth performance, wider gut microbiota diversity, improved intestinal histology, and elevated immune responses compared with controls (p < 0.05). Dietary synbiotics with synergistic effects also affected the composition of intestinal microflora. Beneficial bacteria, such as Bacillus, Glycomyces, and Weissella, were more abundant in SPM and SBPM treatments than in the other groups. After the challenge test, SPM and SBPM treatments showed significantly higher levels of immune response than in the PC. SPM and SBPM treatments (synbiotics with synergistic effects) showed a significantly higher survival rate (SR) than the other treatments.
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Funding
This work was fully funded by the Indonesian Endowment Fund for Education/Lembaga Pengelola Dana Pendidikan (LPDP), Republic of Indonesia (grant number KET-2459/LPDP.4/2020).
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Maria Agustina Pardede performed the experiment, analyzed the data, and wrote the first version of the manuscript. Widanarni designed the study, wrote the first version of the manuscript, and approved it for publication. Sukenda designed the study, reviewed the first version of the manuscript, and approved the final manuscript for publication. Munti Yuhana reviewed the first version of the manuscript, designed the study, and approved the final manuscript for publication.
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Pardede, M.A., Widanarni, W., Sukenda, S. et al. Evaluation of dietary microencapsulated synbiotics Pseudoalteromonas piscicida 1UB, Bacillus NP5, and mannan-oligosaccharides to prevent Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei. Aquacult Int 32, 2077–2091 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-023-01258-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-023-01258-6