Abstract
Photoperiod is a crucial environmental factor affecting the survival and development of crustacean larvae. The full-spectrum light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were used as light sources to investigate the effect of five photoperiods, i.e., 0 L:24D (constant darkness), 6 L:18D (6 h photophase), 12 L:12D (12 h photophase), 18 L:6D (18 h photophase), and 24 L:0D (constant light) on the survival and development of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus larvae (from zoea I to juvenile crab). Natural photoperiod (ambient) was used as a control group. Each treatment had four replicates (n = 4, 100 larvae per replicate). The experiment lasted 20 days when all the larvae died or metamorphosed into juvenile crabs. The results revealed that the P. trituberculatus could not metamorphose into juvenile crab under constant darkness, 6 h photophase, and constant light, and all the larvae died in zoeal III, zoeal IV, and zoeal IV stage, respectively. The highest survival and the shortest developmental duration of larvae were found in the 12 h photophase group (1.75%, 16.80 d) but were not statistically different from those reared in the 18 h photophase group (0.75%, 17.00 d) and natural photoperiod (0.25%, 18.90 d). The above results indicated that full-spectrum LEDs could be a considerable alternation for natural light, and the optimal photoperiod for P. trituberculatus larvae is 12–18 h photophase.
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The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31972783, 41776164, 41676140), National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFB0404003), Major Agriculture Program of Ningbo (2017C110007), Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. LY18H110003), Ministry of Agriculture of China & China Agriculture Research System (no: CARS-48), the Special research funding from the Marine Biotechnology and Marine Engineering Discipline Group in Ningbo University (No. 422004582), and K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University.
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Ce Shi conceived and designed the project. Hanying Xu and Juan Dou carried out the experiment, analyzed the data, and drafted the manuscript. Qingyang Wu polished the language and revised the manuscript. All the authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.
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Xu, H., Dou, J., Wu, Q. et al. Photoperiod affects the survival rate but not the development of larval swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. Aquacult Int 30, 1769–1778 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-022-00875-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-022-00875-x