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Integrated multi-scale approach combining global homogenization and local refinement for multi-field analysis of high-temperature superconducting composite magnets

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Abstract

Second-generation high-temperature superconducting (HTS) conductors, specifically rare earth-barium-copper-oxide (REBCO) coated conductor (CC) tapes, are promising candidates for high-energy and high-field superconducting applications. With respect to epoxy-impregnated REBCO composite magnets that comprise multilayer components, the thermomechanical characteristics of each component differ considerably under extremely low temperatures and strong electromagnetic fields. Traditional numerical models include homogenized orthotropic models, which simplify overall field calculation but miss detailed multi-physics aspects, and full refinement (FR) ones that are thorough but computationally demanding. Herein, we propose an extended multi-scale approach for analyzing the multi-field characteristics of an epoxy-impregnated composite magnet assembled by HTS pancake coils. This approach combines a global homogenization (GH) scheme based on the homogenized electromagnetic T-A model, a method for solving Maxwell’s equations for superconducting materials based on the current vector potential T and the magnetic field vector potential A, and a homogenized orthotropic thermoelastic model to assess the electromagnetic and thermoelastic properties at the macroscopic scale. We then identify “dangerous regions” at the macroscopic scale and obtain finer details using a local refinement (LR) scheme to capture the responses of each component material in the HTS composite tapes at the mesoscopic scale. The results of the present GH-LR multi-scale approach agree well with those of the FR scheme and the experimental data in the literature, indicating that the present approach is accurate and efficient. The proposed GH-LR multi-scale approach can serve as a valuable tool for evaluating the risk of failure in large-scale HTS composite magnets.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Western Disaster and Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China

    Hanxiao Guo, Peifeng Gao & Xingzhe Wang

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  1. Hanxiao Guo
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  2. Peifeng Gao
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Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11932008 and 12272156), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. lzujbky-2022-kb06), and the Gansu Science and Technology Program and Lanzhou City’s Scientific Research Funding Subsidy to Lanzhou University of China

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Guo, H., Gao, P. & Wang, X. Integrated multi-scale approach combining global homogenization and local refinement for multi-field analysis of high-temperature superconducting composite magnets. Appl. Math. Mech.-Engl. Ed. 45, 747–762 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10483-024-3112-8

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