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Paenibacillus piscarius sp. nov., a novel nitrogen-fixing species isolated from the gut of the armored catfish Parotocinclus maculicauda

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Abstract

A Gram-positive, nitrogen-fixing and endospore-forming strain, designated P121T, was isolated from the gut of the armored catfish (Parotocinclus maculicauda) and identified as a member of the genus Paenibacillus based on the sequences of the 16S rRNA encoding gene, rpoB, gyrB and nifH genes and phenotypic analyses. The most closely related species to strain P121T were Paenibacillus rhizoplanae DSM 103993T, Paenibacillus silagei DSM 101953T and Paenibacillus borealis DSM 13188T, with similarity values of 98.9, 98.3 and 97.6%, respectively, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. Genome sequencing revealed a genome size of 7,513,698 bp, DNA G + C content of 53.9 mol% and the presence of the structural nitrogenase encoding genes (nifK, nifD and nifH) and of other nif genes necessary for nitrogen fixation. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) experiments and average nucleotide identity (ANI) analyses between strain P121T and the type strains of the closest species demonstrated that the highest values were below the thresholds of 70% dDDH (42.3% with P. borealis) and 95% ANI (84.28% with P. silagei) for bacterial species delineation, indicating that strain P121T represents a distinct species. Its major cellular fatty acid was anteiso-C15:0 (42.4%), and the major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. Based on physiological, genomic, biochemical and chemotaxonomic characteristics, we propose that strain P121T represents a novel species for which the name Paenibacillus piscarius sp. nov. is proposed (type strain = DSM 25072 = LFB-Fiocruz 1636).

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by grants from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES, financial code 001) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ).

Funding

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior.

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Author notes

  1. Mariana Barbalho Farias da Silva and Ericka Arregue Lemos have equally contributed to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Genética Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes (IMPPG), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco I, Ilha do Fundão, CEP, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

    Mariana Barbalho Farias da Silva, Ericka Arregue Lemos, Renata E. Vollú, Fernanda Abreu & Lucy Seldin

  2. KAUST, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Alexandre S. Rosado

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  1. Mariana Barbalho Farias da Silva
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Contributions

LS and ASR conceived the study. REV performed deposition, and LS and REV performed the polyphasic taxonomy. MBFS and EAL performed genome analysis. FA provided transmission electron microscope data. LS drafted the manuscript. All authors revised the manuscript, provided comments and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Lucy Seldin.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants. The isolation of the Paenibacillus strain from the gut of the armored catfish described here followed the recommendations of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the Laboratory of Biology and Fisheries Technology, Institute of Biology, UFRJ.

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da Silva, M.B.F., Lemos, E.A., Vollú, R.E. et al. Paenibacillus piscarius sp. nov., a novel nitrogen-fixing species isolated from the gut of the armored catfish Parotocinclus maculicauda. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 115, 155–165 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-021-01694-5

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