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Paenibacillus helianthi sp. nov., a nitrogen fixing species isolated from the rhizosphere of Helianthus annuus L.

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Abstract

Three facultatively anaerobic endospore-forming bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of sunflowers grown in fields of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The designated type strain P26ET was previously identified as a sunflower growth promoting bacterium and is able to fix nitrogen and to excrete ammonia. According to analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences, P26ET presented similarity values above 98.8% in relation to Paenibacillus azotifigens NF2-4-5T, Paenibacillus graminis RSA19T, Paenibacillus jilunlii Be17T, Paenibacillus salinicaeni LAM0A28T, and Paenibacillus sonchi X19-5T. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on 16S rRNA gene and core proteome data showed that the strains P26ET, P3E and P32E form a distinct clade, which did not include any type strain of the currently described Paenibacillus species. Also, genomic comparisons using average nucleotide identity (ANI), Orthologous ANI and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization revealed similarity ranges below the recommended thresholds when the three isolates from sunflower were compared to their close relatives. The DNA G + C content of strain P26ET was determined to be 49.4 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids are anteiso-C15:0 and iso-C15:0, representing about 58 and 14% of the total fatty acids in P26ET, respectively. Based on different taxonomic genomic metrics, phylogeny, and phenotypic data, we propose that strain P26ET (= DSM 102269 = BR10509) represents a novel species within the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus helianthi sp. nov. is proposed.

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Acknowledgements

Authors acknowledge Dr. Emanuel M. de Souza and Dr. Fábio de Oliveira Pedrosa (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Polytechnic Center, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil) by sequencing of genomes. Authors are thankful to Prof. Tiziano Dalla Rosa (Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil) and Dr. José Evandro Saraiva Pereira (Center for Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil) by freeze-drying of Paenibacillus cultures. This work was carried out under the financial support of the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Brazil), Grant No. 440414/2014-8.

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  1. Genetics Department, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

    Adriana Ambrosini, Fernando Hayashi Sant’Anna, Júlia Heinzmann, Gabriela de Carvalho Fernandes, Evelise Bach & Luciane Maria Pereira Passaglia

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  1. Adriana Ambrosini
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Correspondence to Luciane Maria Pereira Passaglia.

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Ambrosini, A., Sant’Anna, F.H., Heinzmann, J. et al. Paenibacillus helianthi sp. nov., a nitrogen fixing species isolated from the rhizosphere of Helianthus annuus L.. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111, 2463–2471 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-018-1135-4

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