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How the Term ‘Self-Management’ is Used in HIV Research in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review

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Abstract

This scoping review assessed how the term ‘self-management’ (SM) is used in peer-reviewed literature describing HIV populations in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. OVID Medline, Embase, CAB Abstracts, and EBSCO CINAHL, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched up to September 2021 for articles with SM in titles, key words, or abstracts. Two team members independently screened the titles and abstracts, followed by the full-text. A data extraction tool assisted with collecting findings. A total of 103 articles were included. Since 2015, there has been a 74% increase in articles that use SM in relation to HIV in LMIC. Fifty-three articles used the term in the context of chronic disease management and described it as a complex process involving active participation from patients alongside providers. Many of the remaining 50 articles used SM as a strategy for handling one’s care by oneself, with or without the help of community or family members. This demonstrates the varied conceptualizations and uses of the term in LMIC, with implications for the management of HIV in these settings. Future research should examine the applicability of SM frameworks developed in high-income settings for LMIC.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Julia Martyniuk, Liaison and Education Librarian at the Gerstein Science Information Centre at the University of Toronto, for her work executing the updated literature search in September 2021. This study was supported by grants from the Canadian Foundation for AIDS Research (#23–511) and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (#114907). The findings and conclusions in this paper are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the funding agencies.

Funding

Canadian Foundation for AIDS Research (#28–511) and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (#114907).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 4th Floor, M5T 3M6, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Victoria H. Davis

  2. Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    Stephanie A. Nixon

  3. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    Stephanie A. Nixon, Kathleen Murphy & Lauren Kimura

  4. International Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation, Toronto, Canada

    Cathy Cameron

  5. Global and Health Development Department, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK

    Virginia A. Bond

  6. Zambart, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia

    Virginia A. Bond

  7. School of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa

    Jill Hanass-Hancock

  8. Gender and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Durban, South Africa

    Jill Hanass-Hancock

  9. School of Nursing Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia

    Margaret C. Maimbolwa

  10. Department of Psychology, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia

    J. Anitha Menon

  11. Gerstein Science Information Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    Erica Nekolaichuk

  12. School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada

    Patricia Solomon

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  1. Victoria H. Davis
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Contributions

Conceived and designed the study: SAN, CC, VAB, JHH, MCM, JAM, PS. Collected and analysed data: all authors. Drafted portions of the manuscript: VHD, SAN, KM, CC, LK, EN. Critically reviewed versions of the manuscript including final submission: all authors

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Correspondence to Victoria H. Davis.

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Davis, V.H., Nixon, S.A., Murphy, K. et al. How the Term ‘Self-Management’ is Used in HIV Research in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review. AIDS Behav 26, 3386–3399 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-022-03668-8

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