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Macrobenthic invertebrate energy densities and ecological status in freshwater watercourses (Friuli Venezia-Giulia, Northeast Italy)

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Abstract

The present study provides energy density (ED) data and models for four macrobenthic invertebrate genera inhabiting freshwater lotic environments (Baetis, Hydropsyche, Rhyacophila, and Onychogomphus). Samples were collected in the hydrological freshwater network of the Region Friuli Venezia Giulia within different watercourse types (creeks, streams, rivers channels, and ditches), and energy density was directly measured using an adiabatic bomb calorimeter. Measured ED expressed in Joule g−1 wet weight was strongly and positively correlated with percentage of dry weight (DW%) for all genera investigated (r2 > 0.9504), allowing to obtain genus-specific predictive models based on the relationship between ED and DW%. Models were validated and showed good predictive power, as 90th percentile of observed percentage errors ranged between 4.23% and 5.18% while medians ranged between 1.32% and 2.83%. ANCOVA disclosed significant differences between the models, as those for Rhyacophila and Onychogomphus differed significantly from the others. The empirical models were used to build a dataset of estimated energy density, to assess the relationship between energy density and ecological status of the monitored riverine systems, assessed in compliance with European and Italian law by the application of four different ecological indices (ICMi, RQE_IBMR, STAR_ICMi, and LIMeco). Information regarding ED levels for freshwater macrobenthic invertebrates is still neglected in biomonitoring programs, but it could be useful to interpret some ecological situations in the context of ecological status assessment, especially in relation to the trophic condition of the investigated riverine systems.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Life Science, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy

    Marco Bertoli & Elisabetta Pizzul

  2. Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Friuli Venezia Giulia (ARPA FVG), Via Colugna 42, 33100, Udine, Italy

    Gabriele Piazza

  3. The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle D’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy

    Paolo Pastorino & Marino Prearo

  4. Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies, University of Salento, Via prov.le Lecce, Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy

    Francesco Cozzoli, Fabio Vignes & Alberto Basset

  5. Research Institute On Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET) - National Research Council of Italy (CNR), via Salaria km 29.3 –Monterotondo Scalo, 00015, Roma, Italy

    Francesco Cozzoli

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Bertoli, M., Piazza, G., Pastorino, P. et al. Macrobenthic invertebrate energy densities and ecological status in freshwater watercourses (Friuli Venezia-Giulia, Northeast Italy). Aquat Ecol 55, 501–518 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-021-09840-x

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