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Development of a Novel Biodegradable Metallic Stent Based on Microgalvanic Effect

  • Medical Stents: State of the Art and Future Directions
  • Published:
Annals of Biomedical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The implementation of biodegradable stents has the potential to revolutionize obstructive coronary artery disease treatment. Limitations still currently exist, however, that prevent biodegradable stents from replacing permanent metallic stents in the global market. The ideal combination of stent properties, including sufficient mechanical strength, controlled degradation, and biocompatibility, has yet to be realized. A novel manufacturing process is proposed that utilizes cold gas-dynamic spraying to fabricate a metal structure with significantly reduced grain size. Iron and stainless steel 316L are combined to form a novel amalgamate with enhanced mechanical strength and a controllable degradation rate, due to the resulting microgalvanic reaction. Flat specimens composed of iron and 316L are fabricated in various compositions, and mechanical and degradation tests were conducted. Femto laser techniques are utilized to produce stents composed of 80% Fe and 20% stainless steel 316L. The in vitro degradation behaviour of the stent is investigated using static and dynamic corrosion tests. It is shown that the corrosion rate can be adjusted to desired values, by varying the weight percentage of iron and stainless steel 316L within the amalgamate.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), and the McGill Engineering Doctoral Award (MEDA). The authors wish to thank Dr. Phuong Vo and Frédéric Belval at NRC-CNRC Boucherville for their assistance during the cold spray process, Ranjan Roy and Andrew Golsztajn for their assistance with data acquisition and analysis, as well as process treatments, and Ken Nsiempba.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

      Jennifer Frattolin, Rajib Barua, Luca Gottellini, David Frost, Olivier F. Bertrand & Rosaire Mongrain

    2. Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada

      Jennifer Frattolin & Rosaire Mongrain

    3. Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

      Richard Leask

    4. Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

      Huseyin Aydin, Sriraman Rajagopalan & Stephen Yue

    5. Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy

      Luca Gottellini

    6. Interventional Cardiology Laboratories, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada

      Olivier F. Bertrand

    7. McGill University, Macdonald Engineering Building, Room 369, 817 rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C3, Canada

      Rosaire Mongrain

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    1. Jennifer Frattolin
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    Correspondence to Rosaire Mongrain.

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    Associate Editor Abdul I. Barakat oversaw the review of this article.

    Jennifer Frattolin and Rajib Barua are co-first authors with equal contribution.

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    Frattolin, J., Barua, R., Aydin, H. et al. Development of a Novel Biodegradable Metallic Stent Based on Microgalvanic Effect. Ann Biomed Eng 44, 404–418 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-015-1458-5

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-015-1458-5

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