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Coverage of seasonal malaria chemoprevention in children aged 3 to 59 months in Burkina Faso: a nationwide cross-sectional study

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Abstract

Aim

The objective of this study was to investigate seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) coverage during the 2018 campaign and to identify factors associated with full coverage (receiving three doses of SMC four times during a campaign) of children aged 3 to 59 months.

Subject and methods

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in nine regions of Burkina Faso. In each region, we purposely selected districts based on the epidemiological profile and randomly selected villages within each district. The World Health Organization (WHO) Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) method was used in the household selection process. A generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to account for the hierarchical structure of the design and to identify factors associated with full SMC coverage.

Results

Our results showed that community distributors (CDs) visited more than 98% of the selected households, and 95.9% of the children received three doses of SMC in the last round in October 2018. Furthermore, 84.8% of children were fully covered after having received all three doses of SMC during four campaigns by the end of 2018. The age of the children and the occupation of the respondent were factors significantly associated with complete SMC coverage.

Conclusion

Full coverage of SMC among children aged 3 to 59 months remained below the expected coverage by the Burkina Faso Ministry of Health. It will be up to the Ministry of Health to strengthen the system for monitoring SMC activities.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

Code availability

Code for data cleaning and analysis is available from the corresponding author upon request.

Abbreviations

SMC :

Seasonal malaria chemoprevention

WHO :

World Health Organization

CBD :

Community-based distributor

CD :

Community distributor

CSPS :

Centre de Santé et de Promotion Social

GLMM :

Generalized linear mixed model

SP :

Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine

AQ :

Amodiaquine

CBHW :

Community-based health workers

UNICEF :

United Nations Children's Fund

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank our colleague for reviewing this English version of the manuscript. We would like also to thank the Ministry of the Health of Burkina Faso, The Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme (PNLP), and the mothers or guardians of children.

Funding

This study was supported by the World Bank and WHO.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique Et Technologique (CNRST), Institut de Recherche en Sciences de La Santé (IRSS), 03 BP 7047, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso

    Antarou Ly, Hermann Biénou Lanou & Maxime Koiné Drabo

  2. Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, G1S 4L8, Canada

    Antarou Ly

  3. World Health Organization (WHO), 158, Avenue de L’Indépendance, 03 BP 7019, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

    Laurent Moyenga

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  1. Antarou Ly
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Antarou Ly. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Antarou Ly, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Antarou Ly.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The study was approved by the Burkina Faso Health Research Ethics Committee (no. 2019-3-031). As our target population was children under 5 years of age, consent was obtained from the children's mothers or guardians. Particular care was taken to respect the norms of confidentiality and nondisclosure of the participants' identities. The project staff signed a confidentiality and good ethical practice agreement.

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Ly, A., Lanou, H.B., Moyenga, L. et al. Coverage of seasonal malaria chemoprevention in children aged 3 to 59 months in Burkina Faso: a nationwide cross-sectional study. J Public Health (Berl.) (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-023-02036-7

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