Abstract
Aim
The lifestyle habits of young people are often associated with that of middle-aged and older adults, and intervention from a young age is important for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases. Hypertension is a lifestyle-related disease, and an increasing number of patients are suffering from it. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the factors that cause fluctuations in blood pressure in university students.
Subject and methods
The survey was conducted from 2011 to 2019 and included 14,720 male and 6,039 female university students. The questionnaire included items such as age, sex, weight control orientation, and lifestyle habits. Height, weight, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured. Body mass indices (BMI) were calculated, and the participants were classified as underweight, normal body type, or obese. In addition, abnormal blood pressure (ABP) was defined as systolic/diastolic blood pressure above 120 and/or 80 mmHg.
Results
A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that ABP was significantly associated with snacking (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval 0.68, 0.52–0.90) in males with underweight; sleep duration ≥ 6 h (1.10, 1.02–1.19), snacking (0.84, 0.75–0.96), and weight decreasing orientation (1.22, 1.12–1.32) in males with normal body types; exercise habits (0.75, 0.56–1.00) in females with normal body types.
Conclusion
The present study revealed different risk factors by body type associated with ABP in Japanese university students. In particular, weight loss orientation in a standard-bodied male may be a risk factor for ABP. Our study suggests that interventions by body type may prevent lifestyle-related diseases.
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Data availability
The datasets created during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Code availability
Not applicable.
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Acknowledgements
Part of this study was conducted with the support of the Antiaging center, Kindai university.
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K.Y., Y.U., and N.K. contributed to the concept and designed the study. K.Y. and Y.U. analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. S.T., F.O., and T.N interpreted the data and helped to write the manuscript. F.O., T.N., S.T., and N.K. supervised the findings of the study and reviewed the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
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This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University (Approval No. 08–001, 12–033, and 15–072).
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Yamashiro, K., Utaka, Y., Tanei, S. et al. A survey on the relationship between blood pressure and self-reported lifestyle habits and ideal body image in Japanese university students: a cross-sectional study. J Public Health (Berl.) 32, 9–16 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-022-01783-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-022-01783-3