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The architecture and associated fauna of Perouvianella peruviana, an endemic larger benthic foraminifera from the Cenomanian–Turonian transition interval of central Peru

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Abstract

During the Cenomanian–Turonian transition interval, larger benthic foraminifera became extinct or suffered decreases in terms of their diversity. Anoxic/dysoxic conditions of oceanic bottom water masses and potentially seawater acidification during this pivotal time also affected ecological niches in the shallow epeiric domain and resulted in the demise of many taxa of benthic foraminifera worldwide. Nevertheless, exceptions to this pattern have been reported too. Here, evidence is presented for mass occurrences of larger benthic foraminifera (Perouvianella peruviana) from the Western Platform in Peru that were not affected by environmental conditions related to the Cenomanian–Turonian transition. A new architectural analysis of P. peruviana tests found in abundance in central Peru has permitted a detailed update on its systematic and functional morphology. The paleoenvironment associated with the P. peruviana mass occurrence was characterized by mesotrophic conditions, perhaps in one way or another similar to the environmental parameters that lead to Aptian and Albian larger benthic foraminifera mass occurrences at the southern Tethyan margin (‘Orbitolina levels’). Algae and small, cosmopolitan r-strategist foraminifera coexisted with P. peruviana. Moreover, a first description of the soritid taxa Pseudopeneroplis oyonensis n. gen., n. sp. is provided. Interestingly, the superposition of local and global environmental patterns onto the Western Peruvian shelf water masses triggered a mass development of the Perouvianella population coincident with Oceanic Anoxic Event 2. Conversely, the migration of foreign complex-shelled K-strategist larger benthic foraminifera from neighboring realms was inhibited.

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Acknowledgements

Dr. Felix Schlagintweit (Munich) is thanked for his help in the identification of fossil algae. Comments and discussions with Esmeralda Caus (Barcelona) greatly improved the early version of the manuscript. The financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (projects CGL2012-33160 and CGL2015-69805-P) is gratefully acknowledged. Comments by reviewers Carles Ferrandez Cañadell (Barcelona) and Annie Vanneau (Grenoble) are highly appreciated. Valuable scientific and editorial comments of Facies editor Maurice Tucker are acknowledged. All of this input has greatly improved the present paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departament de Geologia (Paleontologia), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain

    Lorenzo Consorti

  2. Department of Geology, Mineralogy, and Geophysics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany

    Juan Pablo Navarro-Ramirez & Adrian Immenhauser

  3. Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 2, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark

    Stéphane Bodin

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  1. Lorenzo Consorti
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Correspondence to Lorenzo Consorti.

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Consorti, L., Navarro-Ramirez, J.P., Bodin, S. et al. The architecture and associated fauna of Perouvianella peruviana, an endemic larger benthic foraminifera from the Cenomanian–Turonian transition interval of central Peru. Facies 64, 2 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-017-0514-z

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