Abstract
The crop of broccoli in tropical regions is of great importance among flowering vegetables; however, the yield of this crop is severely impacted by climatic variations that can cause floods. In Tunja, Colombia, a study was carried out under greenhouse conditions in which the tolerance of broccoli plants to prolonged waterlogging was evaluated. One group of plants were kept under waterlogging conditions until most of them showed severe symptoms of chlorosis while another group was grown under regularly drained and watered soil conditions as a control. Waterlogging caused the death of 20% of the plants, reduced the height of the plants by 42.9%, the thickness of the stem by 42.1%, the foliar area by 87%, the chlorophyll content in the leaves by 96.6%, and the total dry weight per plant by 79.9%. The absolute and relative growth rates decreased by 80 and 24.4%, respectively. Waterlogging also prevented flower production and caused a 23.7% increase in the accumulation of biomass in roots but reduced it by 24.5% in leaves. Likewise, the net assimilation rate fell 72.3% when waterlogged and the values of allometric variables which express growth were altered by this stressor. Consequently, it can be inferred that these plants have a low tolerance to waterlogging; however, the most severe impact caused by waterlogging was the inability of plants to develop flowers. The lack of flowers is devastating due to their economic and commercial importance of broccoli, and they are the primary justification for the cultivation of these plants.
Zusammenfassung
Der Brokkolianbau in tropischen Regionen ist unter den Blütengemüsen von großer Bedeutung; der Ertrag dieser Kultur wird jedoch durch klimatische Schwankungen, die Überschwemmungen verursachen können, stark beeinträchtigt. In Tunja, Kolumbien, wurde eine Studie im Gewächshaus durchgeführt, in der die Toleranz von Brokkolipflanzen gegenüber längerer Staunässe bewertet wurde. Eine Gruppe von Pflanzen wurde unter Staunässe gehalten, bis die meisten von ihnen schwere Chlorosesymptome zeigten, während eine andere Gruppe als Kontrolle unter regelmäßig entwässerten und bewässerten Bodenbedingungen angebaut wurde. Staunässe verursachte das Absterben von 20 % der Pflanzen, reduzierte die Höhe der Pflanzen um 42,9 %, die Dicke des Stängels um 42,1 %, die Blattfläche um 87 %, den Chlorophyllgehalt in den Blättern um 96,6 % und das gesamte Trockengewicht pro Pflanze um 79,9 %. Die absoluten und relativen Wachstumsraten gingen um 80 bzw. 24,4 % zurück. Staunässe verhinderte auch die Blütenproduktion und verursachte eine Zunahme der Biomasse in den Wurzeln um 23,7 %, während diese in den Blättern um 24,5 % reduziert wurde. Ebenso sank die Nettoassimilationsrate bei Staunässe um 72,3 %, und die Werte der allometrischen Variablen, die das Wachstum widerspeigeln, wurden durch diesen Stressfaktor verändert. Daraus lässt sich schließen, dass diese Pflanzen eine geringe Toleranz gegenüber Staunässe aufweisen. Die gravierendste Auswirkung von Staunässe war jedoch die Unfähigkeit der Pflanzen, Blüten zu entwickeln. Die mangelnde Blütenbildung ist aufgrund der wirtschaftlichen und kommerziellen Bedeutung des Brokkolis gravierend, da sie die Hauptgründe für den Anbau dieser Pflanzen sind.
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Acknowledgements
This study was funded by the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia—UPTC, within the framework of the research work of the Plant Ecophysiology Group.
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F. Casierra-Posada and J.E. Peña-Olmos declare that they have no competing interests.
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Casierra-Posada, F., Peña-Olmos, J.E. Prolonged Waterlogging Reduces Growth and Yield in Broccoli Plants (Brassica oleracea var. italica). Gesunde Pflanzen 74, 249–257 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00605-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00605-y