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Insecticidal and antibacterial effects of some essential oils against the poultry pest Alphitobius diaperinus and its associated microorganisms

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Abstract

Alphitobius diaperinus is a worldwide poultry pest which causes several problems, including the dispersion of pathogenic microorganisms. This study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal activity of five essential oils (EOs) against A. diaperinus and their antimicrobial activity against some pathogenic bacteria transmitted by this insect and against the mesophilic bacteria present on its external surface. The chemical composition of the EOs was determined, with the major components being: α-thujone in Aloysia polystachya EO; limonene in Citrus sinensis EO; 1,8-cineole in Eucalyptus globulus EO; terpinolene and thymol in Origanum vulgare EO; and eugenol in Syzygium aromaticum EO. The EO of A. polystachya showed the highest fumigant activity (LC50 = 27.25 µL/L of air), followed by E. globulus EO (LC50 = 36.49 µL/L of air). The EOs of S. aromaticum, O. vulgare, and A. polystachya revealed high contact toxicity, with LC50 values of 0.052, 0.128, and 0.135 µL/cm2, respectively. In addition, EOs obtained from O. vulgare and S. aromaticum strongly inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and significantly reduced the microbial load of the insect. Syzigium aromaticum and O. vulgare affected both insects and bacteria, making them promising candidates to replace synthetic insecticides or to be incorporated into current strategies for the management of A. diaperinus, and also helping to reduce the bacteria associated with this coleopteran. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the insecticidal activity of the five selected EOs on A. diaperinus adults, as well as the effect of EOs on the microbial load of insects.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (FONCyT) (PICT-2016-2496), Secretaría de Ciencia y Teconología (SECyT-UNC) (33620180100129CB), and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). The authors thank Dr. Paul Hobson, native speaker, for reviewing the manuscript, and Dra. Marcela A. Palacio for technical assistance. JSA has a fellowship from CONICET. CM and JAZ are researchers of CONICET, and MTD is a researcher at the Universidad Nacional de Córdoba.

Funding

This study was funded by Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (FONCyT) (PICT-2016-2496), and Secretaría de Ciencia y Teconología (SECyT-UNC) (33620180100129CB).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016GCA, Córdoba, Argentina

    Julieta Soledad Arena, Carolina Merlo & Julio Alberto Zygadlo

  2. Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba (CIEC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, X5000JJC, Córdoba, Argentina

    Julieta Soledad Arena & María Teresa Defagó

  3. Cátedra de Microbiología Agrícola, Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Ing. Agr. Félix A. Marrone 735, 5001, Córdoba, Argentina

    Carolina Merlo

  4. Cátedra de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016GCA, Córdoba, Argentina

    Julio Alberto Zygadlo

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  1. Julieta Soledad Arena
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  2. Carolina Merlo
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  4. Julio Alberto Zygadlo
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Arena, J.S., Merlo, C., Defagó, M.T. et al. Insecticidal and antibacterial effects of some essential oils against the poultry pest Alphitobius diaperinus and its associated microorganisms. J Pest Sci 93, 403–414 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-019-01141-5

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