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Description of two new bird species from the Meratus Mountains of southeast Borneo, Indonesia

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Abstract

We describe two new bird species from the Meratus Mountains of southeastern Borneo, Indonesia: a jungle-flycatcher (genus Cyornis) and a white-eye (genus Zosterops). Our descriptions are based on comparisons of plumage, mitochondrial ND2 DNA sequences, and vocalizations of the new species and their congeners. The new Meratus jungle-flycatcher is most closely related to Cyornis montanus but morphologically distinguished by lighter blue on the upperparts and more whitish and less reddish on the underparts. The new Meratus white-eye is most closely related to Zosterops chloris but distinguished by olive upperparts and darker underparts. Vocalizations and genetic divergence values also corroborate species status for both new taxa. Both new species are probably confined to the Meratus Mountains, which are currently surrounded by degraded lower elevation secondary woodland or converted agricultural landscape. They appear to have diverged from their sister species through geographic isolation in this remote mountain range compounded by altered population dynamics in a depauperate montane bird community. Although both species are relatively common in the restricted area of the Meratus Mountains, continued habitat alteration and the imminent threat of poaching may be in the process of endangering them. Therefore, we recommend the IUCN Red List status of “Vulnerable” for the new species based on criteria B1 and B2.

Zusammenfassung

Beschreibung von zwei neuen Vogelarten von den Meratus-Bergen in Südost-Borneo (Indonesien)

Wir beschreiben zwei neue Vogelarten von den Meratus-Bergen in Südost-Borneo (Indonesien): einen Fliegenschnäpper (Gattung Cyornis) und einen Brillenvogel (Gattung Zosterops). Unsere Beschreibungen beruhen auf Vergleichen von Gefieder, mitochondrialen DNA-Sequenzen des ND2-Gens und Vokalisationen der zwei neuen Arten und ihrer Gattungsangehörigen. Der neue Meratus-Fliegenschnäpper ist am nächsten mit Cyornis montanus verwandt, unterscheidet sich jedoch morphologisch durch helleres Blau auf der Oberseite und durch mehr Weiß und weniger Rot auf der Unterseite. Der neue Meratus-Brillenvogel ist am nächsten mit Zosterops chloris verwandt, unterscheidet sich aber durch seine olivfarbene Oberseite und dunklere Unterseite. Vokalisationen und genetische Divergenzwerte bestätigen ebenso den Artstatus beider neuer Taxa. Beide Arten sind wahrscheinlich auf die Meratus-Berge beschränkt, welche heutzutage von gestörtem Sekundärwald auf niedrigeren Höhen oder von in landwirtschaftliche Flächen umgewandelten Landschaften umgeben sind. Beide Arten scheinen sich von ihren Geschwisterarten durch geographische Isolation auf dieser abgelegenen Bergkette abgespaltet zu haben, was durch eine veränderte Populationsdynamik in einer verarmten Bergvogelgemeinschaft verstärkt worden sein mag. Obgleich beide Arten in der beschränkten Gegend der Meratus-Berge relativ häufig sind, sind sie wahrscheinlich durch anhaltende Habitatsveränderungen und die unmittelbar bervostehende Bedrohung durch illegalen Vogelfang in Gefahr. Wir schlagen daher vor, die neuen Arten unter den Kriterien B1 und B2 der Roten Liste der IUCN als „gefährdet“ zu führen.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the State Ministry of Research and Technology (RISTEK research license numbers 388/SIP/FRP/E5/ Dit.KI/XI/2016 and 389/SIP/FRP/E5/Dit.KI/XI/2016) and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry for permission to undertake research in South Kalimantan. We also thank the Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (RCB-LIPI), Lindsay Burner, and the people of Kadayang village for much assistance in the field. The project protocol was approved by LSU’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (#16-039). Financial support was provided by the US National Science Foundation Grant 1241059 and Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science. We add our gratitude to Willem-Pier Vellinga and Bob Planqué, and the Xeno-Canto sound archive for hosting the sound recordings. MI acknowledges support from Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education, Ministry of Finance, the Republic of Indonesia (No. 20200622152245). Two anonymous reviewers deserve our thanks to improving the manuscript.

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Author notes

  1. Ryan C. Burner

    Present address: Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Nature Management, Norwegian University of Life Science, Aas, Norway

  2. Mohammad Irham, Tri Haryoko, Subir B. Shakya, Simon L. Mitchell, Ryan C. Burner and Dewi M. Prawiradilaga contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Centre for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jl. Raya Jakarta - Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia

    Mohammad Irham, Tri Haryoko, Suparno Suparno & Dewi M. Prawiradilaga

  2. Museum of Natural Science and Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA

    Subir B. Shakya, Ryan C. Burner & Frederick H. Sheldon

  3. Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK

    Simon L. Mitchell

  4. Birdtour Asia Ltd, 36 Amal an Avon, Hayle Cornwall, TR274QD, UK

    Carlos Bocos & James A. Eaton

  5. Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117558, Singapore

    Mohammad Irham & Frank E. Rheindt

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  1. Mohammad Irham
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Correspondence to Dewi M. Prawiradilaga.

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Irham, M., Haryoko, T., Shakya, S.B. et al. Description of two new bird species from the Meratus Mountains of southeast Borneo, Indonesia. J Ornithol 163, 575–588 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-021-01937-2

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