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Comparison of 2D simultaneous multi-slice and 3D GRASE readout schemes for pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling of cerebral perfusion at 3 T

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Abstract

Objective

In this perfusion magnetic resonance imaging study, the performances of different pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL) sequences were compared: two-dimensional (2D) single-shot readout with simultaneous multislice (SMS), 2D single-shot echo-planar imaging (EPI) and multishot three-dimensional (3D) gradient and spin echo (GRASE) sequences combined with a background-suppression (BS) module.

Materials and methods

Whole-brain PCASL images were acquired from seven healthy volunteers. The performance of each protocol was evaluated by extracting regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measures using an inline morphometric segmentation prototype. Image data postprocessing and subsequent statistical analyses enabled comparisons at the regional and sub-regional levels.

Results

The main findings were as follows: (i) Mean global CBF obtained across methods was were highly correlated, and these correlations were significantly higher among the same readout sequences. (ii) Temporal signal-to-noise ratio and gray-matter-to-white-matter CBF ratio were found to be equivalent for all 2D variants but lower than those of 3D-GRASE.

Discussion

Our study demonstrates that the accelerated SMS readout can provide increased acquisition efficiency and/or a higher temporal resolution than conventional 2D and 3D readout sequences. Among all of the methods, 3D-GRASE showed the lowest variability in CBF measurements and thus highest robustness against noise.

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Acknowledgements

This work was performed within the framework of the LABEX PRIMES (ANR-11-LABX-0063) of Université de Lyon, within the program “Investissements d’Avenir” (ANR-11-IDEX-0007) operated by the French National Research Agency (ANR).

Funding

No funding was received for this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, INSA, CNRS, UMR 5520, INSERM U1206, CREATIS, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France

    Manjunathan Nanjappa, Pierre Croisille & Magalie Viallon

  2. Siemens Healthcare SAS, Saint-Denis, France

    Manjunathan Nanjappa & Thomas Troalen

  3. Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Application Development, Erlangen, Germany

    Josef Pfeuffer

  4. Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Bénédicte Maréchal, Tom Hilbert & Tobias Kober

  5. Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Bénédicte Maréchal, Tom Hilbert & Tobias Kober

  6. Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS 5), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland

    Bénédicte Maréchal, Tom Hilbert & Tobias Kober

  7. Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Saint Etienne, 42055, Saint-Etienne, France

    Fabien C. Schneider, Pierre Croisille & Magalie Viallon

  8. University of Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, TAPE EA7423, Saint-Etienne, France

    Fabien C. Schneider

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  1. Manjunathan Nanjappa
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Contributions

MN: Study conception and design; acquisition of data; analysis and interpretation of data; drafting of manuscript. TT: Study conception and design; acquisition of data; drafting of manuscript; critical revision. JP: Critical revision, provided the prototype 2D and 3D ASL sequences and protocol parameter optimization. BM: Acquisition of data, provided the prototype MorphoBox for inline segmentation. TH: Acquisition of data, provided the prototype GRAPPATINI for fast T2 mapping. TK: Acquisition of data and MP2RAGE protocol parameter optimization; critical revision. FS: Analysis and interpretation of data; drafting of manuscript; critical revision. PC: Analysis and interpretation of data. MV: Study conception and design; acquisition of data; analysis and interpretation of data; drafting of manuscript; critical revision.

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Correspondence to Manjunathan Nanjappa.

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Nanjappa, M., Troalen, T., Pfeuffer, J. et al. Comparison of 2D simultaneous multi-slice and 3D GRASE readout schemes for pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling of cerebral perfusion at 3 T. Magn Reson Mater Phy 34, 437–450 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10334-020-00888-8

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