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Influence of rice varieties, nitrogen management and planting methods on methane emission and water productivity

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Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during rainy seasons of 2009 and 2010 at New Delhi, India to study the influence of varieties and integrated nitrogen management (INM) on methane (CH4) emission and water productivity under flooded transplanted (FT) and aerobic rice (AR) cultivation. The treatments included two rice (‘PB 1’ and ‘PB 1121’) varieties and eight INM practices including N control, recommended dose of N through urea, different combinations of urea with farmyard manure (FYM), green manure (GM), biofertilizer (BF) and vermicompost (VC). The results showed 91.6–92.5 % lower cumulative CH4 emission in AR compared to FT rice. In aerobic conditions, highest cumulative CH4 emission (6.9–7.0 kg ha−1) was recorded with the application of 100 % N by organic sources (FYM+GM+BF+VC). Global warming potential (GWP) was significantly lower in aerobic rice (105.0–107.5 kg CO2 ha−1) compared to FT rice (1242.5–1447.5 kg CO2 ha−1). Significantly higher amount of water was used in FT rice than aerobic rice by both the rice varieties, and a water saving between 59.5 and 63 % were recorded. Under aerobic conditions, both rice varieties had a water productivity of 8.50–14.69 kg ha−1, whereas in FT rice, it was 3.81–6.00 kg ha−1. In FT rice, a quantity of 1529.2–1725.2 mm water and in aerobic rice 929.2–1225.2 mm water was used to produce one kg rice. Thus, there was a saving of 28.4–39.6 % total water in both the rice varieties under AR cultivation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Seed Production Unit, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India

    S. K. Sharma

  2. Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Blue Green Algae, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Y. V. Singh

  3. M.M.H. College, Ghaziabad, India

    Suruchi Tyagi

  4. Division of Environmental Science, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Arti Bhatia

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  1. S. K. Sharma
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  2. Y. V. Singh
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  4. Arti Bhatia
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Correspondence to Y. V. Singh.

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Sharma, S.K., Singh, Y.V., Tyagi, S. et al. Influence of rice varieties, nitrogen management and planting methods on methane emission and water productivity. Paddy Water Environ 14, 325–333 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-015-0502-2

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