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Occurrence and removal of antibiotics from industrial wastewater

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Abstract

Water recycling is of increasing concern due to the shortage of natural resources, calling for advanced methods to remove contaminants. Indeed, the transfer of contaminants to living organisms may lead to bioaccumulation and diseases. In particular, the overuse of antibiotics for human and animal health has led to antibiotic pollution in waters, sludges and crop soils, and, in turn, to the unintended development of multi-resistant bacteria, named antibiotic resistance. Here we review antibiotic properties, antibiotic occurrence in wastewater, and antibiotic removal. Remediation techniques include electrocoagulation, photocatalysis, Fenton process, sonocatalysis, ozonation, membrane filtration, adsorption and ionizing irradiation. Nanofilters and reverse osmosis showed the highest removal of antibiotics in a bioreactor, averaging at 95%. Recently developed methods such as photocatalysis, sonocatalysis and ozone oxidation show a removal of about 98%.

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Abbreviations

CFU:

Colony forming units

DDD:

Defined daily doses

COD:

Chemical oxygen demand

BOD:

Biological oxygen demand

PS:

Photosensitive semiconductor surface

MOF:

Metal organic framework

FO:

Forward osmosis

UF:

Ultrafiltration

MF:

Microfiltration

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Correspondence to P. Senthil Kumar.

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Akhil, D., Lakshmi, D., Senthil Kumar, P. et al. Occurrence and removal of antibiotics from industrial wastewater. Environ Chem Lett 19, 1477–1507 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01152-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01152-0

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