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Comparison Between the Stereoscopic Virtual Reality Display System and Conventional Computed Tomography Workstation in the Diagnosis and Characterization of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations

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Abstract

It is difficult to accurately understand the angioarchitecture of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (CAVMs) before surgery using existing imaging methods. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of the stereoscopic virtual reality display system (SVRDS) to display the angioarchitecture of CAVMs by comparing its accuracy with that of the conventional computed tomography workstation (CCTW). Nineteen patients with CAVM confirmed on digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or during surgery were studied. Computed tomography angiography images in the SVRDS and CCTW were retrospectively analyzed by two experienced neuroradiologists using a double-blind method. Angioarchitectural parameters, such as the location and size of the nidus, type and number of the arterial feeders and draining veins, and draining pattern of the vessels, were recorded and compared. The diameter of the nidus ranged from 1.1 to 9 cm. Both CCTW and SVRDS correctly diagnosed the location of the nidus in 19 patients with CAVM. Among the 19 patients, 35 arterial feeders and 25 draining veins were confirmed on DSA and during surgery. With the DSA and intraoperative results as the gold standard bases, the CCTW misjudged one arterial feeder and one draining vein and missed three arterial feeders and two draining veins; meanwhile, the SVRDS missed only two arterial feeders. SVRDS had some advantages in displaying nidus, arterial branches, and draining veins of the CAVM compared with CCTW, as well as SVRDS could more intuitively display the overall angio-architectural spatial picture of CAVM.

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Availability of Data and Materials

Data in this study is available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Abbreviations

CAVMs:

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations

CTA:

Computed tomography angiography

CCTW:

Conventional computed tomography workstation

DSA:

Digital subtraction angiography

MRA:

Magnetic resonance angiography

SVRDS:

Stereoscopic virtual reality display system

3D:

Three-dimensional

VR:

Volume rendering

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Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81601558), Breeding Foundation of Zhuhai People’s Hospital of China (No. 2019PY-16), and Medical Research Foundation of Zhuhai City of China (No. 20191207A01007).

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Author notes

  1. Xiujuan Liu and Jun Mao are co-first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Kangning Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China

    Xiujuan Liu, Jun Mao, Xiangrong Yu, Ye Tian, Jianming Wang, Jianchao Liang & Ligong Lu

  2. Engineering Research Center of Wideband Wireless Communication Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China

    Ning Sun & Lei Chai

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China

    Haiquan Tao

  4. Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA

    Zhishun Wang

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  1. Xiujuan Liu
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  11. Ligong Lu
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Contributions

HQ-T carried out the conception and design of the research. XR-Y, YT, JM-W, and JC-L analyzed the data. XJ-L, JM, and JM-W participated in obtaining funding. XJ-L and JM drafted the manuscript. ZS-W and LG-L participated in the revision of manuscript for important intellectual content. NS and LC performed the data processing and experimentation. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Zhishun Wang or Ligong Lu.

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Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University. All patients provided written consent to participate in this study.

Consent for Publication

All patients provided written consent to publication.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Liu, X., Mao, J., Sun, N. et al. Comparison Between the Stereoscopic Virtual Reality Display System and Conventional Computed Tomography Workstation in the Diagnosis and Characterization of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations. J Digit Imaging 36, 1910–1918 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10278-023-00807-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10278-023-00807-y

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