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Evaluation of efficacy of new chalcone-based endodontic irrigant against dual biofilm Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans: a study in vitro

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Abstract

The aim of this research was to develop a chalcone-based endodontic irrigant for cleaning and disinfecting the root canal. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) experiments in C. albicans and E. faecalis strains with different aminochalcones (AM) were carried out, and the compound that presented the best activity against both pathogens was chosen. The formulation of an endodontic irrigant was elaborated, tested in mono and dual specie biofilms. Disks were sterilized and then incubated with E. faecalis, C. albicans and E. faecalis and C. albicans mixed for 72 h for biofilm maturation. After contamination, samples were divided in 4 experimental groups and 2 positive control group as follows: Group1: Irrigant; Group2: Irrigant + AM-38; Group3: Chlorhexidine 2% (positive control) and, Group 4: 1.0% sodium hypochlorite (positive control). The samples were analyzed by CFU/ml count. The sample was taken to sonicador to remove the cells and then plated. The toxicity was determined in vitro with human gingival fibroblast cells (HGF) and in vivo using the Galleria mellonella model. Formulation showed antimicrobial activity, with MIC on C. albicans 15.6 and E. faecalis 7.8 µg/ml. Treatment with formulation in concentration 156 µg/ml significantly reduced mono or dual species biofilm formation and viability (p < 0.05). The results were significant against C. albicans and E. faecalis and did not show toxicity in cells and G. mellonella. In general, the formulation showed effective antibiofilm activity, significantly reducing microorganisms, opening paths in search of new endodontic irrigants.

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Funding

Funding received from CAPES, 001.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

    Joice Graciani, Pedro Luiz Rosalen, Emmanuely de Oliveira Chaves dos Santos & Josy Goldoni Lazarini

  2. PostGraduate Program On Integrated Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry of the University of Cuiabá, Cuiabá, Brazil

    Kellyth Andrade Pereira Rocha & Bruno Rafael Teixeira Balen

  3. Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Júlio de Mesquita Filho University, São Jose Do Rio Preto, Brazil

    Mayara Aparecida Rocha Garcia & Luís Octávio Regasini

  4. Program on Integrated Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry of the University of Cuiabá, Faculty of Dentistry, Cuiabá, Brazil

    Diego Romario da Silva & Janaina de Cássia Orlandi Sardi

  5. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil

    Suzana Gonçalves Carvalho & Marlus Chorilli

  6. Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Janaina de Cássia Orlandi Sardi

Authors
  1. Joice Graciani
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  2. Pedro Luiz Rosalen
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  3. Emmanuely de Oliveira Chaves dos Santos
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  6. Mayara Aparecida Rocha Garcia
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  8. Diego Romario da Silva
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  12. Janaina de Cássia Orlandi Sardi
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Contributions

JS and PR: conceived the presented idea. JS: developed the theory and performed the computations. JG, ES, KR, BB; JL, and DS: verified the analytical methods and performed the experiments. MG and LR: developed the chalcone. SC and MC: developed the irrigant. All authors discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Janaina de Cássia Orlandi Sardi.

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Graciani, J., Rosalen, P.L., de Oliveira Chaves dos Santos, E. et al. Evaluation of efficacy of new chalcone-based endodontic irrigant against dual biofilm Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans: a study in vitro. Odontology 111, 573–579 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-022-00764-y

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