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Evaluation of a hyaluronic acid hydrogel (Restylane Lyft) as a scaffold for dental pulp regeneration in a regenerative endodontic organotype model

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Abstract

Scaffolds are crucial elements for dental pulp regeneration. Most of the currently used scaffolds in regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) are unsuitable for chairside clinical use. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an injectable synthetic scaffold (Restylane Lyft) on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (hBMSC) viability, proliferation, and osteo/dentinogenic differentiation in a regenerative endodontic organotype model (REM). hBMSC were loaded in an REM either alone (hBMSC group) or mixed with the Restylane Lyft scaffold (Restylane/hBMSC group) and cultured in basal culture medium (n = 9/group). hMSC on culture plates served as controls. Cell viability and proliferation were measured using AlamarBlue assay. The loaded REM was cultured in an osteogenic differentiation medium to measure alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and examine the expression of the osteo/dentinogenic markers using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Cell viability in all groups increased significantly over 5 days. The Restylane/hBMSC group showed significantly higher ALP activity and dentin sialophosphoprotein, osteocalcin, and bone sialoprotein genes expression than the hBMSC and the control groups. Restylane Lyft, a hyaluronic acid (HA) injectable, FDA-approved hydrogel, maintained cell viability and proliferation and promoted osteo/dentinogenic differentiation of hBMSC when cultured in an REM. Henceforth, it could be a promising chairside scaffold material for REPs.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Mr.Nasr AlMuflahi, Community Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, for conducting the statistical analysis of the data presented.

Funding

This research received support from Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP2022R471), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11612, Saudi Arabia

    Norah A. AlHowaish & Dina I. AlSudani

  2. Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia

    Nihal A. AlMuraikhi

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  1. Norah A. AlHowaish
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  2. Dina I. AlSudani
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  3. Nihal A. AlMuraikhi
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Contributions

Conceptualization, NA, and DA; methodology, NA, and NA; validation, Norah A. AlHowaish, and Nihal A. AlMuraikhi; formal analysis, Nihal A. AlMuraikhi; investigation, Norah A. AlHowaish; writing—original draft preparation, Norah A. AlHowaish; writing—review and editing, Dina I. AlSudani; supervision, Dina I. AlSudani, and Nihal A. AlMuraikhi; All authors have read and agreed to the submitted version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Dina I. AlSudani.

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AlHowaish, N.A., AlSudani, D.I. & AlMuraikhi, N.A. Evaluation of a hyaluronic acid hydrogel (Restylane Lyft) as a scaffold for dental pulp regeneration in a regenerative endodontic organotype model. Odontology 110, 726–734 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-022-00710-y

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