Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Determining and evaluating the thermodynamic properties of municipal solid waste for different provinces of Iran

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

To study, analyze and select the appropriate method for converting MSW into energy, the thermodynamic properties of the MSW are required including enthalpy, entropy, heat capacity, heating value, and physical and chemical exergies. In this study, first, the methods of determining the thermodynamic properties in the literature are examined, then these methods are developed so that these thermodynamic properties, especially the physical exergy, can be determined accurately. Then, a code has been developed in EES software, and after confirming it, the existing methods have been developed. Here, in the calculation of physical exergy, the method of Eboh et al. was used to estimate the entropy and the Hess's law and JANAF tables were used to estimate the enthalpy of MSW. The effects of the percentage of moisture and temperature of MSW on the thermodynamic properties are studied. According to the most relevant results, the highest heat capacity, calorific value, and total exergy belong to Lorestan province with 2.683 kJkg−1 K−1, Fars with 22.91 MJkg−1, and Kerman and Sistan and Baluchestan with 13.56 MJkg−1, respectively. It has also been shown that by increasing the moisture percentage and temperature of the MSW, its heat capacity and entropy increase.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

E:

Exergy (MJkg−1)

T:

Temperature (K)

HHV:

Higher heating value (kJkg−1)

MSW:

Municipal solid waste

H:

Enthalpy (kJkg−1)

S:

Specific Entropy (kJkg−1 K−1)

hfg :

Enthalpy of evaporation (kJkg−1)

prod:

Products

0:

Reference state

\(\Delta\) :

Change

\({\Sigma }\) :

Summation

0:

Standard

Ph:

Physical

Ch:

Chemical

References

  1. Hanjalic K, Van De Krol R, Lekic A (2008) Sustainable energy technologies options and prospects. Springer, Netherlands

    Book  Google Scholar 

  2. Al Seadi T, Rutz D, Prassl H, Kottner M, Finsterwalder T, Volk S, Janssen R (2008) Biogas handbook. Esbjerg, Denmark

  3. Wang K (2017) Wood Pellet Boiler heating system evaluation and optimization. PHD Thesis, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York

  4. Woon KS, Lo I (2013) Greenhouse gas accounting of the proposed landfill extension and advanced incineration facility for municipal solid waste management in Hong Kong. Sci Total Environ 458–460:499–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.061

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Stepanov VS (1995) Chemical energies and exergies of fuels. Energy 20:235–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-5442(94)00067-D

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Eisermann W, Johnson P, Conger WL (1980) Estimating thermodynamic properties of coal, char, tar and ash. Fuel Process Technol 3:39–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3820(80)90022-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Shieh JH, Fan LT (1982) Estimation of energy (enthalpy) and exergy (availability) contents in structurally complicated materials. Energy Sources 6:1–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/00908318208946020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Eboh FC, Ahlstrom P, Richards T (2016) Method of estimating absolute entropy of municipal solid waste. Int J Energy Power Eng 10:736–741. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1125351

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Aghbashlo M, Tabatabaei M, Soltanian S, Ghanavati H, Dadak A (2019) Comprehensive exergoeconomic analysis of municipal solid waste digestion plant equipped with a biogas genset. Waste Manage (Oxford) 87:485–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.02.029

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Zainal ZA, Ali R, Lean CH, Seetharamu KN (2001) prediction of performance of a downdraft gasifier using equilibrium modeling for different biomass materials. Energy Convers Manage 42:1499–1515. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0196-8904(00)00078-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Arafat HA, Jijakli K (2013) modeling and comparative assessment of municipal solid waste gasification for energy production. Waste Manage (Oxford) 33:1704–1713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2013.04.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Soltani S, Mahmoudi SMS, Yari M, Rosen MA (2013) Thermodynamic analyses of a biomass integrated fired combined cycle. Appl Therm Eng 59:60–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.05.018

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Eboh FC, Ahlstrom P, Richards T (2016) Estimating the specific chemical exergy of municipal solid waste. Energy Sci Eng 4:217–231. https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Ertesvag IS (2000) Energy and exergy in moist fuels. Department of Energy and Process Engineering, NTU. http://folk.ntnu.no/ivarse/energi/moistfuel.pdf

  15. Song G, Shen L, Xiao J (2011) Estimating specific chemical exergy of biomass from basic analysis data. Ind Eng Chem Res 50:9758–9766. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie200534n

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Song G, Xiao J, Zhao H, Shen L (2012) A unified correlation for estimating specific chemical exergy of solid and liquid fuels. Energy 40:164–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.02.016

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Wang S (2008) Application of solid ash based catalysts in heterogeneous catalysis. Environ Sci Technol 42:7055–7063. https://doi.org/10.1021/es801312m

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Song G, Shen L, Xiao J, Chen L (2013) Estimation of specific enthalpy and exergy of biomass and coal ash. Energy Sources Part A 35:809–818

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Park K, Hyun J, Maken S, Jang S, Park JW (2005) Vitrification of municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash using Brown’s gas. Energy Fuels 19:258–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Rajaeifar MA, Ghanavati H, Dashti BB, Heijungs R, Aghbashlo M, Tabatabaei M (2017) Electricity generation and GHG emission reduction potentials through different municipal solid waste management technologies: a comparative review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 79:414–439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.04.109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Domalski ES, Hearing ED (1996) Heat capacities and entropies of organic compounds in the condensed phase. Volume III. J Phys Chem Ref Data 25(1):1–525. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Hamad-Schifferli K, Griffith L, Bawendi M, Field R (2005) Thermodynamics of Biomolecular Systems. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT Open Course Ware. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/biological-engineering/20-110j-thermodynamics-of-biomolecular-systems-fall-2005/

  23. Caballero B, Finglas P, Toldra F (2003) Encyclopedia of food sciences and nutrition. Academic Press, United States

    Google Scholar 

  24. Schott AB, Vukicevic S, Bohn I, Andersson Y (2013) Potentials for food waste minimization and effects on potential biogas production through anaerobic digestion. Waste Manage Res 31:811–819. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X13487584

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Fujino J, Honda T (2007) Measurement of the specific heat capacity of plastic waste/fly ash recycled composite using a differential scanning calorimeter. Heat Transfer Asian Res 36:435–448. https://doi.org/10.1002/htj.20164

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Thybring E (2014) Explaining the heat capacity of wood constituents by molecular vibration. J Mater Sci 49:1317–1327. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7815-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Svetlov DO, Isaev VV, Svetlo V (2014) Heat capacity and thermal conductivity of fabrics based on chemical fibers. Fibre Chem 46:45–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10692-014-9558-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Peter JW, Zarin M (2003) Specific heats of cottonseed and its co-products. J Am Oil Chem Soc 80:123–126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-003-0663-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Bartl A (2011) Textile Waste. In: Letcher TM, Vallero DA (eds) Waste: a handbook for management. Academic Press, pp 167–179

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  30. NIST Chemistry WebBook. https://webbook.nist.gov (2019) Assessed 14 May 2019

  31. Federal Highway Administration Research and Technology, User Guidelines for Waste and Byproduct Materials in Pavement Construction, 2016. https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/97148/toc.cfm

  32. Clark J (2010) https://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/energetics/sums.html

  33. Zhou H, Meng A, Long Y, Li Q, Zhang Y (2014) Classification and comparison of municipal solid waste based on thermochemical characteristics. J Air Waste Manage Assoc 64:597–616. https://doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2013.873094

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Zhou H, Long Y, Meng A, Li Q, Zhang Y (2015) Classification of municipal solid waste components for thermal conversion in waste- to- energy research. Fuel 145:151–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.12.015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Behzadi A, Gholamian E, Houshfar E, Habibollahzade A (2018) Multi-objective optimization and exergoeconomic analysis of waste heat recovery from Tehran’s waste-to-energy plant integrated with an ORC unit. Energy 160:1055–1068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.07.074

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Bejan A, Moran MJ (1996) Thermal design and optimization. John Wiley & Sons, New York

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  37. Ptasinski KJ, Prins MJ, Pierik A (2007) Exergetic evaluation of biomass gasification. Energy 32:568–574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2006.06.024

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Hao Z, Sun M, Ducoste JJ, Benson CH, Luettich S (2017) Heat Generation and Accumulation in Municipal Solid Waste Landfill. Environ Sci Technol 51:12434–12442. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b01844

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Barati MR, Aghbashlo M, Ghanavati H, Tabatabaei M, Sharifi M, Javadirad G, Dadak A, Mojarab Soufiyan M (2017) Comprehensive exergy analysis of a gas engine-equipped anaerobic digestion plant producing electricity and biofertilizer from organic fraction of municipal solid waste. Energy Convers Manage 151:753–763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.09.017

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Nabizadeh R, Heidari M, Hassanvand MS (2008) Municipal solid waste analysis in Iran. Iranian J Health Environ 1:9–17

    Google Scholar 

  41. Bahari A, Atashkari K, Mahmoudimehr J (2021) Evaluation of energy potential of municipal solid waste gasification in different regions of Iran by using a modified equilibrium thermodynamic model. AUT J Mech Eng 5(2):7–7

    Google Scholar 

  42. Meima JA, Mora Naranjo N, Haarstrick A (2008) Sensitivity analysis and literature review of parameters controlling local biodegradation processes in municipal solid waste landfills. Waste Manage 28:904–918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.02.032

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Datta M, Kumar A (2017) Assessment of subsurface contamination potential of municipal solid waste (MSW) dumps. Indian Geotech J 47:410–420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40098-017-0247-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Kashani BO, Saray RK, Kheiri R (2021) Modeling and thermodynamic analysis of municipal solid waste dryer: a parametric study. Iran J Chem Chem Eng https://doi.org/10.30492/IJCCE.2021.523967.4555

  45. Asgari N, Khoshbakhti Saray R, Mirmasoumi S (2020) Energy and exergy analyses of a novel seasonal CCHP system driven by a gas turbine integrated with a biomass gasification unit and a LiBr-water absorption chiller. Energy Conver Manage 220:113096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113096

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran

    Reza Kheiri & Behzad Omidi Kashani

  2. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Sahand New Town, Tabriz, Iran

    Rahim Khoshbakhti Saray

Authors
  1. Reza Kheiri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Behzad Omidi Kashani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Rahim Khoshbakhti Saray
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Behzad Omidi Kashani.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kheiri, R., Omidi Kashani, B. & Khoshbakhti Saray, R. Determining and evaluating the thermodynamic properties of municipal solid waste for different provinces of Iran. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 24, 1768–1785 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-022-01431-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-022-01431-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation