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Preparation and characterization of biochar from cement waste for removal of rhodamine B dye

  • SPECIAL FEATURE: ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Material Cycles in Construction Works
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Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Cement waste (CW) is one of the main environmental problems in the cement industry due to the high amount that is used and its incorrect disposal. This makes it an environmental burden and management actions are required for this waste product. In this context, the present work aimed to evaluate the adsorption capacity of rhodamine dye using a biosorbent (activated carbon from cement waste—AC-CW) through the study of equilibrium (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Sips models) and kinetic (pseudo-first-order, second-order, and intraparticle diffusion models) adsorption. For the preparation of AC-CW, an activation/carbonization process was used, where ZnCl2 was used as the activating reagent at a proportion of 1:2 w/w, with a heating rate of 10 °C min−1 to 600 °C for 240 min. Samples were characterized by a scanning electron microscope with energy dispersion spectroscopy, Zero Charge Point (pHZCP), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), N2 porosimetry (BET/BJH methods), and zeta potential. Adsorption was adequate using 1.0 g L–1 AC-CW, and the process was most efficient at pH ≈ 4.3 for RhB dye adsorption. From the kinetic adsorption viewpoint, the data were satisfactorily represented by the pseudo-first-order model. The Sips model was suitable to represent the adsorption equilibrium of the RhB dye. The maximum adsorption capacity was determined to be 531.836 mg g–1. Thus, AC-CW was an efficient adsorbent material able to uptake dye from aqueous solutions.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Polytechnical School of Chemical Engineering at the University of São Paulo (USP, Brazil – SP) for their support and assistance in carrying out the present work. This work received financial support from the Foundation for Research of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS–Project 19/2551-0001606-9).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nanoscience Graduate Program, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    William Leonardo da Silva, Pâmela Cristine Ludwig Muraro & João Henrique Zimnoch dos Santos

  2. Polytechnical School of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Do Lago, 250, São Paulo, 05508-080, Brazil

    Giovani Pavoski & Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa

  3. Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 91501-970, Brazil

    João Henrique Zimnoch dos Santos

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  1. William Leonardo da Silva
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Contributions

WL Da Silva: conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, validation, writing—original draft, and writing—review and editing. PCL Muraro: conceptualization, and writing—review and editing. G Pavoski: conceptualization, and writing—review and editing. DCR Espinosa: conceptualization, and writing—review and editing. JHZ Dos Santos: conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, validation, writing—original draft, and writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to William Leonardo da Silva or João Henrique Zimnoch dos Santos.

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da Silva, W.L., Muraro, P.C.L., Pavoski, G. et al. Preparation and characterization of biochar from cement waste for removal of rhodamine B dye. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 24, 1333–1342 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-022-01416-7

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