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Expression of SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 in gastric adenocarcinoma and construction of a nomogram prognostic model

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Abstract

Background

Aberrant expression of SWI/SNF complex subunits is closely associated with tumorigenesis. The clinicopathological and prognostic significance of altered SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 subunits has not been well evaluated in gastric adenocarcinoma.

Methods

We collected 1271 postoperative cases of gastric adenocarcinoma and then constructed tissue microarrays (TMA), from which we obtained the immunohistochemistry expression of SMARCA2 and SMARCA4. Next, we screened the variables related to the loss of SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 by univariate correlation analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Then, we identified the variables related to prognosis by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Finally, we constructed a nomogram prognostic model and evaluated it.

Results

The loss of SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 occurred in 236 (18.57%) and 86 (6.77%) cases, respectively, including 26 cases of co-loss. After multivariate logistic regression, variables independently associated with SMARCA2 loss were T stage, differentiation status, WHO histological classification, and EBER. Variables independently associated with SMARCA4 loss were differentiation status, WHO histological classification, PD-L1, and MMR. Survival analysis revealed that the SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 lost groups showed worse survival than the corresponding present groups (P = 0.032 and P = 0.0048, respectively). Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses identified independent prognostic factors, including age, T stage, N stage, M stage, SMARCA2, and chemotherapy.

Conclusion

The loss of SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 correlated with poor differentiation, leading to a worse prognosis. SMARCA2, as an independent prognostic factor, combined with other clinicopathological variables, established a novel nomogram prognostic model, which outperformed the AJCC TNM model.

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Data availability

The datasets for this study are available from the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China

    Zhenkun Zhang

  2. Department of Oncology, Shouguang People’s Hospital, Weifang, 262700, Shandong, China

    Zhenkun Zhang

  3. Department of Pathology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, No. 70 Heping Road, Huancui District, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China

    Qiujing Li, Qian Liu, Yujie Zhang & Shukun Zhang

  4. Department of Oncology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, 264200, Shandong, China

    Shanshan Sun

  5. Weifang Medical College, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China

    Zhe Li & Sili Xiong

  6. Department of Environmental Health, University of Fukui School of Medical Sciences, 23-3 Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan

    ZhengGuo Cui

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  1. Zhenkun Zhang
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  2. Qiujing Li
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  4. Zhe Li
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  9. Shukun Zhang
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Contributions

Study design: ZZ, SZ. Patient tissue collection: ZZ, SS, ZL, SX. Pathology review: SZ, ZZ, QJL. Supply of reagents: QL, YZ. Data analysis: ZZ, SS. Manuscript: ZZ. Manuscript review: SZ, ZGC.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shukun Zhang.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Ethics Review Board of the Weihai Municipal Hospital (permission code: 2,021,053).

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Informed consent was obtained from patients before enrollment in this study.

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Zhang, Z., Li, Q., Sun, S. et al. Expression of SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 in gastric adenocarcinoma and construction of a nomogram prognostic model. Int J Clin Oncol 28, 1487–1500 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-023-02403-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-023-02403-0

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