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Inhibitory effect of 405-nm blue LED light on the growth of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans dual-species biofilms on denture base resin

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Abstract

We investigated whether irradiation with 405-nm blue LED light could inhibit the growth of not only single- but dual-species biofilms formed by Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans on denture base resin and cause the alteration in gene expression related to adhesion and biofilm formation. C. albicans and S. mutans single-/dual-species biofilms were formed on the denture base specimens. The biofilms were irradiated with 405-nm blue LED light (power density output: 280 mW/cm2) for 0 (control) and 40 min. Dual-species biofilms were analyzed using CFU assay and fluorescence microscopy, and single-/dual-species biofilms were analyzed using alamarBlue assays and gene expression analysis. To assess the inhibitory effect of irradiation on dual-species biofilms, specimens after irradiation were aerobically incubated for 12 h. After incubation, the inhibition of growth was assessed using CFU assays and fluorescence microscopy. Data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U or Student’s t test (p < 0.05). Irradiation produced a significant inhibitory effect on biofilms. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that almost all C. albicans and S. mutans cells were killed by irradiation, and there was no notable difference in biofilm thickness immediately after irradiation and after irradiation and incubation for 12 h. alamarBlue assays indicated the growth of the biofilms was inhibited for 12–13 h. The expression of genes associated with adhesion and biofilm formation—als1 in C. albicans and ftf, gtfC, and gtfB in S. mutans—significantly reduced by irradiation. Irradiation with 405-nm blue LED light effectively inhibited the growth of C. albicans and S. mutans dual-species biofilms for 12 h.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Osada Electric Co. Ltd. for technical support concerning an irradiation device.

Funding

This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI (Grant Number 20K18649). The funder was not involved in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, the writing of this report, or the decision to submit the paper for publication.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-8501, Japan

    Chiaki Tsutsumi-Arai, Chika Terada-Ito, Takahiro Imamura, Seiko Tatehara, Shinji Ide & Kazuhito Satomura

  2. Department of Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan

    Yuki Arai & Noriyuki Wakabayashi

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Functional Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Nakagami, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan

    Jumpei Shirakawa

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  1. Chiaki Tsutsumi-Arai
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Tsutsumi-Arai, C., Arai, Y., Terada-Ito, C. et al. Inhibitory effect of 405-nm blue LED light on the growth of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans dual-species biofilms on denture base resin. Lasers Med Sci 37, 2311–2319 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-022-03507-1

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