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Comparison of the efficacy of low-level laser therapy and photodynamic therapy on oral mucositis in rats

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Abstract

Cancer treatment with chemotherapy or radiotherapy is associated with some side effects including in the oral cavity. One of the more significant oral complications is oral mucositis (OM) which induces severe pain and limits fundamental life behaviors such as eating, drinking, and talking. Although advancements in cancer treatment improved the survival rate, severe OM and opportunistic infection affect treatment adversely. Therefore, the control of OM is important for oral health quality of life and prognosis. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and photodynamic therapy (PT) are noninvasive methods that reduce inflammation and pain during wound healing. The aim of this study is to evaluate immunohistochemical and histological examination of the OM region of the PT comparing LLLT. In this study, 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups as control, LLLT, and PT groups. All groups received 5-fluorouracil intraperitoneally and a linear trauma to the mouth pouch with a needle. After the formation of OM in the mouth, the control group had no treatment; the LLLT group was administered LLLT, and the PT group had LLLT after indocyanine green application. Then all groups were sacrificed, and histological analyses and protein level detection of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor (TGF-β), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) were evaluated in all groups. PT was determined to be more statistically significantly than LLLT with bFGF and PDGF-BB. However, regarding TGF-β, no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups. Within the limitations of this study, indocyanine green may accelerate the LLLT effect. However, further studies on this subject are required.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by Bezmialem Vakif University Scientific Research Projects Unit.

Funding

This study was funded by Bezmialem Vakif University (grant number 9.2015/13).

Role of funding source was for purchasing of chemicals and animals.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Suzan Bayer Alinca

  2. Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Health Sciences University, İstanbul, Turkey

    Ebru Saglam

  3. Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Nur Ozten Kandas

  4. Department of Pathology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Education and Research Hospital, Rize, Turkey

    Oguzhan Okcu

  5. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey

    Nergiz Yilmaz

  6. Experimental Research Center, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Beyza Goncu

  7. Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Mehmet Ali Dogan

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  1. Suzan Bayer Alinca
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Correspondence to Suzan Bayer Alinca.

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The experimental protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board and Animal Use Committee of the Bezmialem Vakif University (protocol = 2017/11).

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Alinca, S.B., Saglam, E., Kandas, N.O. et al. Comparison of the efficacy of low-level laser therapy and photodynamic therapy on oral mucositis in rats. Lasers Med Sci 34, 1483–1491 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-019-02757-w

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