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Engine performance study for solketal-gasoline fuel blend in a four-stroke SI engine

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Abstract

Considering the gradual reduction of fossil fuel resources and their role in environmental issues, biodiesel-derived products have received much attention as fuel additives to enhance their properties and reduce emissions. The present work reports the engine performance and emission characteristics for a fuel blend consisting of solketal, a derivative of glycerol and gasoline. In this study, 5–10 vol% solketal was mixed with gasoline by ultrasonic processor to prepare a solketal-gasoline fuel blend. The blending of additives will affect the volumetric transport properties as well as the combustion quality of the fuel. Some important properties like thermal conductivity, surface tension, adiabatic compressibility, relative association, and intermolecular free path length were measured at different temperatures by measuring the ultrasonic velocity in the fuel blend. Four-stroke SI engine performance was studied in terms of brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and brake thermal efficiency (BTE). BSFC increases by 15%, and BTE shows a marginal reduction of about 5.39% at 28.13 N·m torque with a 10% solketal-gasoline blend. The exhaust analysis indicates that CO emissions decrease and NOx and CO2 increase compared to pure gasoline as fuel, the brake thermal efficiency indicates a marginal reduction of about 5.39% for 10% solketal.

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All the data and materials are available to the corresponding author and will be available on request.

Abbreviations

BP:

Brake power \([\frac{2\pi \mathrm{NT}}{60000}]\)

BSFC:

Brake-specific fuel consumption [mf /BP]

BTE:

Brake thermal efficiency [\(\mathrm{BP}/{m}_{f}{C}_{v}]\)

CO:

Carbon monoxide

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

IC:

Internal combustion

LPG:

Liquefied petroleum gas

MTBE:

Methyl tertiary-butyl ether

k :

Thermal conductivity [\(3{\left(N/V\right)}^\frac{2}{3}K{v}_{s}\)] [W/m K]

C v :

Calorific Value of the fuel blend [kJ/kg]

K :

Boltzmann’s constant [J/K]

K T :

Temperature-dependent constant

L f :

Intermolecular free path length [\({K}_{T}\sqrt{{\beta }_{ad}}\)] [m]

m f :

Mass flow rate of fuel into the cylinder [kg/s]

N :

Avogadro’s number

R A :

Relative Association [\((\rho /{\rho }_{0})({v}_{s0}/{v}_{s})\)]

T :

Torque [N·m]

β ad :

Adiabatic compressibility [\(\rho .{{v}_{s}}^{2}]\) [Pa−1]

Σ:

Surface tension [6.4 × 10–3(\(\rho .{{v}_{s}}^{{3}/{2}}\))] [N/m]

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat, 395007, India

    Megha Shriganesh Vichare, Mousumi Chakraborty & Arun Kumar Jana

Authors
  1. Megha Shriganesh Vichare
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  2. Mousumi Chakraborty
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  3. Arun Kumar Jana
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Contributions

MSV has written the draft. MC contributed to the idea and corrected the first draft. AKJ contributed to the experimental plan and corrected the second draft.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arun Kumar Jana.

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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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The manuscript has not been submitted to more than one journal for simultaneous consideration. The submitted work is original and has not been published elsewhere in any form or language. A single study should not be split up into several parts to increase the quantity of submissions and submitted to various journals or to one journal over time. Results have been presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification or inappropriate data manipulation No data, text, or theories by others are presented as if they were the author’s own.

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Vichare, M.S., Chakraborty, M. & Jana, A.K. Engine performance study for solketal-gasoline fuel blend in a four-stroke SI engine. Clean Techn Environ Policy 25, 3381–3391 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-023-02597-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-023-02597-x

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