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Comparison of predicted vehicular pollution concentration with air quality standards for different time periods

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Abstract

Air pollution is caused by variety of sources such as industries, vehicles, cremation, bakeries, and open burning. These sources have variation in emission with different time scales. Industry and bakeries have variation in emission with day or week, rest of the sources like vehicles and domestic sector have variation with time in a day. In fact, vehicles have a large variation in emission with time period of the day. The average concentration of 24 h is much less than hourly concentration of peak time when there is heavy vehicular emissions. The hourly concentration of off-peak time or lean time is very low due to low emission for that period. The air quality standards of India are prescribed for 24-h average concentration with which the predicted average concentration from models is compared. However, the peak time concentration may be much higher than the standard. In the peak time, outdoor concentration is more and since a large proportion of the population is out the exposure is also very high and can cause severe health effect. In this paper, vehicular pollution modeling has been carried out using AERMOD with simulated meteorology by Weather Research and Forecasting model. NOx and PM concentrations were 3.6 and 1.45 times higher in peak time than off-peak and evening peak, respectively. Lean time has higher concentration for both NOx and PM than off-peak and evening peak. It shows the misleading concept of comparing average predicted concentration of 24 h with standards for vehicles.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400 076, India

    Awkash Kumar, Rashmi S. Patil & Anil Kumar Dikshit

  2. Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Mumbai, 400 018, India

    Rakesh Kumar

Authors
  1. Awkash Kumar
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  2. Rashmi S. Patil
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  3. Anil Kumar Dikshit
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  4. Rakesh Kumar
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Correspondence to Awkash Kumar.

Appendix

Appendix

See Table A1 and Fig. A1.

Table A1 Comparison of simulated concentration with ambient observed concentration
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Fig. A1
figure 8

Wind roses for morning and evening peak, off-peak, and lean time of the day

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Kumar, A., Patil, R.S., Dikshit, A.K. et al. Comparison of predicted vehicular pollution concentration with air quality standards for different time periods. Clean Techn Environ Policy 18, 2293–2303 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-016-1147-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-016-1147-6

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