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Cognitive syndromes after the first stroke

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Abstract

Aim

The aim of this study is to determine impairments of certain cognitive functions in certain vascular cognitive syndromes and to identify predictors of dementia.

Patients and methods

One-year prospective study included 275 patients, who were hospitalized at the Department of Neurology Tuzla and therefore fulfilled certain criteria. Patients were divided into following subgroups of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI): dementia of strategic infarct (DSI), cortical dementia (CD), sub cortical dementia (SCD), hemorrhagic dementia (HD), and patients without dementia. Each of the patients underwent the clinical examination and scoring with appropriate measurement scales.

Results

Some of the types of VCI were verified in 190 (69%) patients, and the most common was SCD (58%). There was statistically significant connection between the level of intelligence and occurrence of VCI in patients after stroke (p < 0.001). We found significant connection between occurrence of dementia and impairment in narrative memory, numerical memory, visual perceptive, and visual constructive functions in patients with dementia compared with non-demented (p = 0.0001). The executive functions were statistically impaired in patients with CD (p = 0.004) and SCD (p < 0.001). Patients without dementia have significantly better quality of life than the demented ones (p < 0.0001). The algorithm “tree of decision” can help us in the prediction of dementia based on the impairment of certain cognitive functions.

Conclusion

Vascular cognitive syndromes are common after stroke. Some of the cognitive functions are significantly impaired in patients with dementia. Impairment of the certain cognitive functions can help in predicting the onset of dementia. Patients without dementia have better quality of life.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, University Cinical Center Tuzla, Prof. dr. Ibre Pašića bb, 75000, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Denisa Salihović, Dževdet Smajlović & Omer Ć. Ibrahimagić

  2. Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia and School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 6, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia

    Milija Mijajlović

  3. Department of Psychology, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Prof. dr. Ibre Pašića bb, 75000, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Emina Zoletić

Authors
  1. Denisa Salihović
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  2. Dževdet Smajlović
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  3. Milija Mijajlović
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  4. Emina Zoletić
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  5. Omer Ć. Ibrahimagić
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Denisa Salihović.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Salihović, D., Smajlović, D., Mijajlović, M. et al. Cognitive syndromes after the first stroke. Neurol Sci 39, 1445–1451 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-018-3447-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-018-3447-6

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