Skip to main content
Log in

Effects of post-drying methods on pomelo fruit peels

  • Published:
Food Science and Biotechnology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Changes in physicochemical properties of moisture, ash, and fat contents, and color, due to freeze and oven post-drying treatments on flavedo, albedo, and lamella pomelo fruit peels were investigated. Physicochemical properties influence consumer acceptability and only a few studies are known. Pomelo peels were subjected to freeze drying and conventional drying at 60°C. Fresh pomelo peel was used as a control. Post-drying treatment changes in moisture, ash, and fat contents were observed, compared to controls. Minimal color changes were observed for freeze drying, compared with oven drying for flavedo, albedo, and lamella. Useful information for evaluation of drying treatments that can be used on pomelo peels is provided.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Shamsudin R, Buang S, Aziz NA. Effect of different extraction methods on the physico-chemical properties of pomelo juice. Chem. Eng. Trans. 44: 265–270 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Toh JJ, Khoo HE, Azlan A. Comparison of antioxidant properties of pomelo (Citrus Grandis (L) Osbeck) varieties. Int. Food Res. J. 20: 1661–1668 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Zain NFM, Yusop SM, Ahmad I. Preparation and characterization of cellulose and nanocellulose from pomelo (Citrus grandis) albedo. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 5: 334 (2014) doi:10.4172/2155-9600.1000334

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Larrauri JA. New approaches in the preparation of high dietary fiber powder from fruit by-products. Trends Food Sci. Tech. 10: 3–8 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Chau CF, Huang YL. Comparison of the chemical composition and physicochemical properties of different fibers prepared from the peel of citrus sinensis L. Cv. Liucheng. J. Agr. Food Chem. 51: 2615–2618 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Zarina Z, Tan SY. Determination of flavonoids in Citrus grandis (Pomelo) peels and their inhibition activity on lipid peroxidation in fish tissue. Int. Food Res. J. 20: 313–317 (2013)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Scala KD, Crapiste G. Drying kinetics and quality changes during drying of red pepper. LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 41: 789–795 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Dincer I, Hussain MM, Sahin AZ, Yilbas BS. Development of a new moisture transfer (Bi-Re) correlation for food drying applications. Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 45: 1749–1755 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Geankoplis CJ. Transport Processes and Separation Process Principles (Includes Unit Operations), 4thed, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA. pp. 607-610 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Vega-Gálvez A, Scala KD, Rodríguez K, Lemus-Mondaca R, Miranda M, López J, Perez-Won M. Effect of air-drying temperature on physico-chemical properties, antioxidant capacity, colour and total phenolic content of red pepper (Capsicum annuum, L. var. Hungarian). Food Chem. 117: 647–653 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Perazzini H, Freire FB, Freire FB, Freire JT. Thermal treatment of solid wastes using drying technologies: A review. Dry. Technol. 34: 39–52 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Banga JR, Balsa-Canto E, Moles CG, Alonso AA. Improving food processing using modern optimization methods. Trends Food Sci. Tech. 14: 131–144 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Dzung NT. Optimization the freeze drying process of Penaeus monodon to determine the technological mode. Int. J. Chem. Eng. Appl. 3: 187–194 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  14. AOAC. Official Method of Analysis. 17th ed. Method 925.10. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Rockville, MD, USA (2000)

  15. AOAC. Official Method of Analysis. 17th ed. Method 900.02. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Rockville, MD, USA (2000)

  16. AOAC. Official Method of Analysis. 17th ed. Method 960.39. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Rockville, MD, USA (2000)

  17. Zainuddin MF, Shamsudin R, Mokhtar MN, Ismail D. Physicochemical properties of pineapple plant waste fibers from the leaves and stems of different varieties. Bioresouces 9: 5311–5324 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Alibaþ Ý. Determination of vacuum and air drying characteristics of celeriac slices. J. Biol. Environ. Sci. 6: 1–13 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Naidu MM, Vedhashree M, Satapathy P, Khanum H, Ramsamy R, Hebbar HU. Effect of drying methods on the quality characteristics of Dill (Anethum graveolens) greens. Food Chem. 192: 849–856 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Mohammadi A, Rafiee S, Emam-Djomeh Z, Keyhani A. Kinetic models for colour changes in kiwifruit slices during hot air drying. World J. Agric. Sci. 4: 376–383 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Abirami A, Nagarani G, Siddhuraju P. Measurement of functional properties and health promoting aspects-glucose retardation index of peel, pulp and peel fiber from Citrus hystrix and Citrus maxima. Bioact. Carbohydr. Dietary Fibre 4: 16–26 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Singh RP, Heldman DR. Introduction to Food Engineering. 3rd ed. Academic Press, Cambridge, MA, USA. pp. 410–444 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Nassar AG, AbdEl-Hamied AA, El-Naggar EA. Effect of citrus by-products flour incorporation on chemical, rheological and organolepic characteristics of biscuits. World J. Agric. Sci. 4: 612–616 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Thielen M, Speck T, Seidel R. Impact behaviour of freeze-dried and fresh pomelo (Citrus maxima) peel: Influence of the hydration state. R. Soc. Open Sci. 2: 140322 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Shamsudin R, Daud WRW, Takriff MS, Hassan O. Chemical compositions and thermal properties of the josapine variety of pineapple fruit (Ananas comosus L.) in different storage systems. J. Food Process Eng. 34: 1558–1572 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Kaliyan N, Morey RV. Factors affecting strength and durability of densified biomass products. Biomass Bioenergy 33: 337–359 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Nollet LML, Toldra F. Handbook of Food Analysis. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA. pp. 375 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Karaman S, Toker OS, Çam M, Hayta M, Doðan M, Kayacier A. Bioactive and physicochemical properties of persimmon as affected by drying methods. Dry. Technol. 32: 258–267 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Ghanem N, Mihoubi D, Kechaou N, Mihoubi NB. Microwave dehydration of three citrus peel cultivars: Effect on water and oil retention capacities, color, shrinkage and total phenols content. Ind. Crop. Prod. 40: 167–177 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Crizel TM, Jablonski AJ, Rios AO, Rech R, Flores SH. Dietary fiber from orange byproducts as a potential fat replacer. LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 53: 9–14 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Chaiyana W, Phongpradist R, Leelapornpisid P. Characterization of hydro distillated pomelo peel oil and the enhancement of biological activities using microemulsion formulations. Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 6: 596–602 (2014)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Kiranoudis CT, Maroulis ZB, Marinos-Kouris D. Drying kinetics of onion and green paper. Dry. Tech. 10: 995–1011 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Riva M, Campolongo S, Leva AA, Maestrelli A, Torreggiani D. Structureproperty relationships in osmo-air-dehydrated apricot cubes. Food Res. Int. 38: 533–542 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Chong CH, Law CL, Cloke M, Hii CL, Abdullah LC, Daud WRW. Drying kinetics and product quality of dried Chempedak. J. Food Eng. 88: 522–527 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Miranda M, Maureira H, Rodriguez K, Vega-Gálvez A. Influence of temperature on the drying kinetics, physicochemical properties, and antioxidant antioxidant capacity of Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) gel. J. Food Eng. 91: 297–304 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rosnah Shamsudin.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Rahman, N.F.A., Shamsudin, R., Ismail, A. et al. Effects of post-drying methods on pomelo fruit peels. Food Sci Biotechnol 25 (Suppl 1), 85–90 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-016-0102-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-016-0102-y

Keywords

Navigation