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Effect of flower-buds of Panax ginseng fermented by various microorganisms on the activation of T cell immune responses

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Abstract

To improve the health benefits of ginseng flower buds via microbial fermentation, we evaluated the ginsenoside content and in vitro immune-stimulating activities. The flower buds were grouped as control (non-fermented) and those fermented by Bacillus subtilis (FBS), Lactobacillus plantarum (FLP), Lactobacillus casei (FLC), Candida utilis (FCU), Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain CHY1011 (FY1), S. cerevisiae strain ZP541 (FY2), and a mixed strain culture using L. plantarum, L. casei, and C. utilis (FM). Total ginsenoside content in FBS increased higher than that of the control. The expression of IL-1β was found to be higher than that of the control following stimulation by FBS and FY1. IL-2 gene expression was high in FM, and TNFSF14 gene expression increased in FCU- and FY1-treated cells. Considering the differences in the quantities and composition of the ginsenoside, other various polysaccharides or phenolic compounds in fermented ginseng flower-buds would indicate the difference in the activation of immune response.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea

    Kyoung-Hee Kim & Hong-Sun Yook

  2. Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, 363-883, Korea

    Su-Hyeon Kim

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  1. Kyoung-Hee Kim
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Correspondence to Hong-Sun Yook.

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Kim, KH., Kim, SH. & Yook, HS. Effect of flower-buds of Panax ginseng fermented by various microorganisms on the activation of T cell immune responses. Food Sci Biotechnol 24, 1061–1067 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-015-0136-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-015-0136-6

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