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Cancer-associated vasculitides: a single-centre case series

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Abstract

Objectives

This study investigated the frequency of cancer-associated vasculitis, the types of associated cancers and vasculitides, and the temporal relationship in Korean patients who were diagnosed with both cancers and vasculitides.

Methods

This study performed a digital search of the clinical data repository using selected diagnostic terms of vasculitides among patients diagnosed with cancers from May 2001 to May 2021. The time gap between the time of diagnosis of ‘cancers’ and that of ‘vasculitides’ was limited to 3 years. The types of cancers and vasculitides were reviewed.

Results

The mean age of 73 patients with both cancers and vasculitides with a time gap of fewer than 3 years was 53.0 years and 42.5% were men. Of the 215,897 patients with cancers, 73 patients were also diagnosed with vasculitides (0.034%). The most common type of cancer was thyroid cancer (28.8%), followed by lymphoma (13.7%), whereas the most frequent type of vasculitis associated with cancer was Behcet disease (52.1%), followed by granulomatosis with polyangiitis (12.3%). The median time gap between cancer and vasculitis was − 17.0 days. Among vasculitides, Behcet disease was closely associated with various cancers compared to other types. Twenty-one patients exhibited both cancers and vasculitides between 0 and 90 days after the diagnosis of the corresponding cancer.

Conclusion

The frequency of cancer-associated vasculitis was 0.034% in Korean patients. The types of cancers and vasculitides in cancer-associated vasculitis and the distributions of sex and age may be dependent on ethnic and geographic differences.

Key Points

• The frequency of cancer-associated vasculitis was 0.034% in Korean patients.

• The most common cancer and vasculitis in cancer-associated vasculitis were thyroid cancer and Behcet disease.

• The types of cancers and vasculitides in cancer-associated vasculitis seemed to be dependent on ethnic and geographic differences.

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Abbreviations

AAV:

ANCA-associated vasculitis

ANCA:

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody

CHCC:

Chapel Hill Consensus Conference

IRB:

Institutional review board

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Funding

This work was supported by a grant from the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute, funded by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (HI14C1324), the Handok Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea (HANDOK 2021–006), and CELLTRION PHARM, Inc. Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea (NCR 2019–6).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea

    Hyunsue Do, Jung Yoon Pyo, Sung Soo Ahn, Jason Jungsik Song, Yong-Beom Park & Sang-Won Lee

  2. Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Jason Jungsik Song, Yong-Beom Park & Sang-Won Lee

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  1. Hyunsue Do
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Contributions

H.D., J.Y.P., S.S.A. and S.W.L. developed and conceptualisation of the study. H.D., J.Y.P., S.S.A. and J.J.S. performed data curation and formal analyses. H.D., J.Y.P., S.S.A., Y.B.P. and S.W.L. completed methodology and project administration. Y.B.P. and S.W.L. supervised this study. H.D., J.Y.P. and S.W.L. participated in writing the draft manuscript, and all authors reviewed and edited the revised manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sang-Won Lee.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval

The present study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Severance Hospital (Seoul, Korea, IRB No. 4–2021-1707) and conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki. Given the retrospective design of the study and the use of anonymised patient data, the requirement for written informed consent was waived.

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Supplementary Information

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Supplementary Fig. 1.

Frequency of cancer-associated vasculitis within 1 year before and after the diagnosis of the corresponding cancer. (PNG 330 kb)

High resolution image (TIF 3083 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 2.

Differences in the clinical features among cancer-associated vasculitides according to sex and age. (PNG 203 kb)

High resolution image (TIF 1975 kb)

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Do, H., Pyo, J.Y., Ahn, S.S. et al. Cancer-associated vasculitides: a single-centre case series. Clin Rheumatol 42, 151–158 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-022-06363-0

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